Achieving High-Performance Federal Facilities Strategies and Approaches for Transformational Change (2011) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix F: Beyond Incrementalism: The Case of Arlington, Virginia--Peter Garforth
Appendix F: Beyond Incrementalism: The Case of Arlington, Virginia--Peter Garforth
Pages 105-114
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From page 105... ...
The Arlington County process for developing a community energy plan kicked off in January 2010 with a workshop for a senior-level and very engaged community task force, whose ongoing role would be to guide the CEP process. The energy and greenhouse gas emissions baseline was already complete.
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From page 106... ...
(Index) United States 4.6 18.9 19.5 100 100 European Union 7.5 25.1 14.8 47 57 Japan 1.9 8.8 4.3 52 47 China 20.0 4.5 16.3 19 355 India 17.0 1.5 4.9 7 317 World 100.0 100.0 100.0 23 97 SOURCE: Data gathered by author from the International Energy Agency World Energy Statistics Web site (http://www.iea.org)
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From page 107... ...
Transportation accounts for about 25 percent of the carbon footprint, of which 14 percent, is generated by visitors and only 11 percent by local residents. At a national level the greenhouse gas emissions for the United States are at about 22 metric tons per person, and the European Union at about 10.5 metric tons per person.
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From page 108... ...
A major benefit is the flexibility of fuel choice that it offers, allowing heating and cooling from both fossil and renewable energy sources to be easily and flexibly combined. Even in Copenhagen, a significant portion of the electricity comes from coal, yet it is still the global benchmark for greenhouse gas emissions.
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From page 109... ...
If the plan was to be incremental, it would include community outreach supporting multiple efficiency and clean and renewable energy supply projects. Most of these efforts would focus on individual buildings, and generally would not rise to the level of the sometimes uncomfortable conversations where planning practices, local norms, and even policy may have to change.
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From page 110... ...
Energy performance validation of all buildings is important for several reasons. First, transparent energy usage when buildings are bought or leased creates a market pull for efficiency, ultimately reflected in sales prices and rental values.
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From page 111... ...
But each one will have its own integrated energy master plan as a first step. The integrated energy master planning for Crystal City is in the initial development stage.
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From page 112... ...
benefits to lower density areas -- Investment opportunity in district energy utility • Property user -- Equal or lower overall energy costs -- Less volatile energy costs -- Equal or greater supply quality • Property owner/developer -- Reduced building investment -- Freeing of investment for enhanced efficiency -- More marketable space -- Reduced operations costs -- Investment opportunity in district energy utility • District energy utility -- Profitable retail sales of heating and cooling -- Grid sales of clean and renewable electricity -- Fuel flexibility -- extension to biofuels, fuel oil, and waste heat recovery -- Greenhouse gas credits -- Saleable expertise for similar projects elsewhere • Gas utility -- Familiar business model -- Business diversification -- Higher sales volumesheating, cooling, grid sales -- Higher than average margins -- Greater knowledge of customers' requirements • Electric utility opportunity from district energy utility -- Business diversification -- Low-carbon electricity to meet requirements -- Higher than utility margins -- Greater knowledge of customers' requirements In the low-density areas of Arlington County where district energy is not feasible, the CEP calls for differential energy strategies based on energy efficiency, clean and renewable energy, local shared solutions, and transport efficiency. In other words, one completes the energy picture appropriate to the neighborhood, supported by activities that deliver results in line with the overall plan goals.
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From page 113... ...
The value of this productivity financially is far greater than the energy cost savings, which are not insignificant in themselves. The energy plan that the City of Guelph, Ontario, Canada, completed in 2007 became a planning role model for the entire country.
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