Opportunities in Protection Materials Science and Technology for Future Army Applications (2011) / Chapter Skim
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2 Fundamentals of Lightweight Armor Systems
2 Fundamentals of Lightweight Armor Systems
Pages 12-23
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From page 12... ...
very specific constraints drive the armor design and thus the ultimate choice of protection materials. This chapter pro- The mass effectiveness of an armor system does indeed vides, within the security guidelines discussed in the final indicate how effective it is against a specific threat and section, a general description of the threats and the armor generally suggests whether the system may be considered designs against those threats as well as a brief description lightweight -- that is, the higher the Em value, the lighter the of some systems fielded as of 2011.
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From page 13... ...
Available online at http://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/ nij/223054.pdf. Last accessed April 15, 2011.
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From page 14... ...
only illustrative of current threats and designs. However, the expense of firing and the inability to control projectile velocity exactly makes the determination of 0 percent penetration statistically problematic during the PERSONNEL PROTECTION experimental phase of armor development.
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From page 15... ...
For armor on the specific threat. For fragments and lower velocity penmeeting NIJ Type IIA and Type III standards, panels must etrators, vests are typically made from polymer fibers (see demonstrate the ability to survive six hits without failure.
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The combination creates a nent of the improved outer tactical vest, extend protection complex system where the performance of the ceramic and against fragments and 9-mm rounds to the upper arm areas the polymer backing (vest) are intimately connected.
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From page 17... ...
However, the currently fielded helmet, the helmet must provide comfort and thermal management the advanced combat helmet (see Box 2-2 for materials of without degrading vision or hearing and be able to interface construction) , must not only provide ballistic protection, but with other equipment, including night vision goggles and FIGURE 2-6 Effect of a ballistic threat on perfor mance.
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From page 18... ...
considers only the passive armor systems; electromagnetic, energetic, and smart armor are beyond its scope, as are reac tive armor systems. VEHICLE ARMOR As with personnel protection, passive vehicle protection While vehicle armor is generally understood to encom- is generally a complicated arrangement of material layers, pass armor systems to protect all classes of vehicles, this each serving a different role in the overall protection schedstudy will focus on armor protection for land vehicles such ule.
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From page 19... ...
Army. TABLE 2-2 Metallic Armor Materials Military BOX 2-3 Metal Specification Application Shaped Charge Characteristics Rolled MIL-DTL-12560 M1A1/M1A2 Abrams homogeneous light armored vehicle, above beltline Shaped charges are made by inverting a soft metal cone (typically armor copper)
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From page 20... ...
Catto, Commanding General Marine ATPD 2352 defines a standardized four-shot pattern and is used throughout Corps Systems Command, Statement before the House Armed Services the Army to provide consistent criteria for evaluating multiple impacts on Committee on Marine Corps vehicle armoring and improvised explosive transparent armor. ATPD 2352P is available at https://aais.ria.army.mil/ device countermeasures, June 21, 2005.
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From page 21... ...
. A typical transparent armor designs an armor system in response to a new threat.
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From page 22... ...
Moreover, most nonarmor applications armor designers do not consider using research materials materials are chosen according to their bulk quasi-static that have not yet been sufficiently characterized under approperties, such as hardness, strength, and toughness, even propriate dynamic conditions (see Chapter 4)
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From page 23... ...
Chapter 4 describes cal or engineering principles commonly taught in colleges and universities or information in the public domain."29 approaches for successfully predicting the theoretical and experimental failure behavior of a protection material for the The combination of security regulations and ITAR benefit of the materials research community. Finally, it will makes it extremely difficult for fundamental research in probe important to convey information about armor performance tection materials to connect to the development of restricted to those developing armor materials.
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