Security Measures for Ferry Systems (2006) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Pages 23-61
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 23... ...
The ferry service system across the United States is extensive. Ferries operate in 43 states and territories, providing service on over 350 different ferry routes.
|
From page 24... ...
to the USFS. Appendices provide further information of regulations, Maritime Security (MARSEC)
|
From page 25... ...
In addition to the route designations, ferry services may be categorized as regular service or express service. Ferry services that generally operate during peak commuter hours by both demand and fixed-route service are considered express services.
|
From page 26... ...
Coast Guard–approved vessel security plan (VSP)
|
From page 27... ...
• Voyages with a passenger capacity of more than 500 may in the future comply with more stringent security regulations. • Voyages with a passenger capacity of more than 2,000 may in the future comply with more stringent security regulations.
|
From page 28... ...
Coast Guard–approved vessel security plan)
|
From page 29... ...
2.4 Additional Categories That May Affect Security The following categories do not affect the applicability of federal security regulations. However, they may be considered in vulnerability assessments and security plans developed for vessels under 33 CFR 104, for facilities under 33 CFR 105, and for areas under 33 CFR 103.
|
From page 30... ...
For example, monohull vessel stability is more affected by wave action than catamaran hull vessels are, but catamaran vessels require wider berths for docking. Monohull vessels are the most common in the ferry service, as shown in Table 5.
|
From page 31... ...
Note 1.
|
From page 32... ...
Committee after completion of an area maritime security assessment (AMSA)
|
From page 33... ...
Source: TCRP Report 100: Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual, 2nd Edition, Transportation Research Board, 2004, page 6-5. Figure 3.
|
From page 34... ...
The shoreside platform may be a dock or a barge, the latter of which allows a constant height between the vessel and loading platform. The use of various gangway technologies can affect the time it takes to emplace and remove the gangway.
|
From page 35... ...
Regardless of the ownership, operation of the ferry system may be contracted to either a government or private entity.Oftentimes, systems that are both privately owned and operated are under state public utility commission (PUC) oversight.
|
From page 36... ...
Privately owned and operated systems carry 30 million passengers, or 29% of the passengers, and 5 million vehicles, or 14% of the vehicles that travel by ferry, while mixtures of public and private ownership and operation carry just 6% of the passengers, and 2% of the vehicles transported by ferry. Source: TCRP Report 100: Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual, 2nd Edition, Transportation Research Board, 2004.
|
From page 37... ...
However, the 9/11 terrorist attacks stimulated the International Maritime Organization (IMO) within the United Nations to develop more stringent, international security measures, called the International Ship and Port Facility Security (ISPS)
|
From page 38... ...
In addition to requiring approved vessel and facility security plans that are based on security assessments, 33 CFR 104 and 105 call for • Designation of facility and vessel security officers, • Training of personnel on the security plan, • Annual security exercises and security drills, • Records of security system and equipment maintenance per manufacturer recommendations, • Security measures that are scalable to MARSEC levels, • Declarations of security that delineate responsibilities during vessel-to-facility interfaces, and • Compliance with previously existing regulations. MARSEC levels are discussed in greater detail in Appendix B
|
From page 39... ...
4.2.2 Maritime Security (MARSEC) Directives MARSEC directives are issued by the commandant of the Coast Guard to provide vessels and facilities with performance standards regarding access control and the secure handling of cargo.
|
From page 40... ...
4.2.4 References for the Development of a U.S. Coast Guard–Approved Security Plan For the development of vessel security plans, NVIC 04-03 should be considered, along with 33 CFR 101 and 104, and the MARSEC directives for CFR 101 and 104.
|
From page 41... ...
, Title 33 USC §1221. The PWSA was a response to the collision of the tankers Arizona Standard and Oregon Standard under the Golden Gate Bridge in 1971, with the intent to establish good order and predictability on waterways by implementing fundamental management practices.
|
From page 42... ...
and • All passenger vessels with capacities greater than 150 passengers and navigating in VTS zones designated in 33 FR 161.12 as of December 31, 2004. Thus, the Coast Guard is initially implementing AIS in VTS areas and for international voyages.
|
From page 43... ...
. Security regulations, per 33 CFR 104 and 105, cover vessels and facilities by identifying six specific security measures that a ferry system owner/operator needs to apply to address the potential threat and to maintain an appropriate level of security: 1.
|
From page 44... ...
6. Security incident procedures -- to coordinate incident procedures with local, state, and federal authorities, including procedures for securing and evacuating vessels.
|
From page 45... ...
To determine the vulnerability of each security area to each type of threat, the ferry operation needs to conduct a vulnerability assessment that takes into consideration the particular conditions and characteristics of the ferry system, including operational and site-specific security measures. Table 8 presents hypothetical relative vulnerabilities among security areas for IED delivery.
|
From page 46... ...
than any other mode of IED delivery because, carried as such, IEDs may be precisely placed in the greatest variety of areas to yield the highest consequences. The flexibility in placement of personally carried IEDs should not be confused with the relative probability of placement among delivery modes.
|
From page 47... ...
restricted to assisting in determining the number of preventive measures installed in each area on a specific threat or delivery mode basis. Such an analysis should not be used to assess the extensiveness of preventive measures between threat types or delivery modes.
|
From page 48... ...
security measures between threat types or delivery modes. The relative vulnerabilities among security areas in Table 10 are for the initial release of a CBR agent within the ferry system.
|
From page 49... ...
Obligated passenger vessels and facility owners/operators meeting specified criteria to implement and follow maritime security guidelines. Each part addressed a specific maritime security topic: Part 101: General Security Part 103: The AMS Committee Part 104: Vessel Security Part 105: Facility Security Sources: Federal Highway Administration.
|
From page 50... ...
03-03 Change 1 Implementation Guidance for the Regulations Mandated by the Maritime Transportation Security Act (MTSA) of 2002 for Facilities Provides guidance detailing the Facility Security Plan review process and compliance inspection information and clarifies MTSA guidance mandated in 33 CFR 105.
|
From page 51... ...
. The LNMs may be used to disseminate maritime security information, encourage the public to report suspicious activities to their local Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
|
From page 52... ...
Coast Guard–approved vessel or facility security plan. An example of various MARSEC levels and protective measures is shown in Table B2.
|
From page 53... ...
Enforce MARSEC 1 and 2 protocols. Restrict access to additional areas, prohibit access to areas, and search areas.
|
From page 54... ...
Coast Guard officer designated by the commandant to command a specific Coast Guard area. Area Maritime Security Committee The committee established to assist and advise in the development, review, and update of the area maritime security plan for its Captain of the Port zone.
|
From page 55... ...
The facility security officer communicates with the COTP and company and vessel security officers. Facility Security Plan The plan developed to ensure the application of security measures designed to protect the facility and its servicing vessels or those vessels interfacing with the facility, their cargoes, and persons on-board at the respective MARSEC levels.
|
From page 56... ...
MARSEC Level 2 The level for which moderate protective security measures shall be maintained for a period of time as a result of heightened risk of a transportation security incident. MARSEC Level 3 The level for which maximum protective security measures shall be maintained for a limited period of time as a result of heightened risk of a transportation security incident.
|
From page 57... ...
NVICs are used internally by the Coast Guard to ensure that inspections and other regulatory actions conducted by field personnel are adequate, complete, and consistent. Nonstop Ferry Route Segment Direct nonstop ferry service between two locations that may or may not make up part of a greater overall multi-stop route or route system.
|
From page 58... ...
Privately Owned and Privately Operated When the title and operation of the boat and the terminal are vested by a private entity. Privately Owned and Publicly Operated When the title for the boat or terminal is vested in a private entity and the operation of the boat or terminal is under contract between the private and public entity.
|
From page 59... ...
liaison with the facility security officer and the vessel's company security officer. Vessel Security Plan The plan developed to ensure the application of security measures designed to protect the vessel and the facility that the vessel is servicing or interacting with the vessel's cargoes and persons on-board at the respective MARSEC levels.
|
From page 60... ...
Acronym Definition AIS Automatic Information System AMS Committee Area Maritime Security Committee AOR Area of Responsibility ASP Alternative Security Program BTS Bureau of Transportation Statistics CFR Code of Federal Regulations COTP Captain of the Port CSO Company Security Officer DOT Department of Transportation FSA Facility Security Assessment FSO Facility Security Officer FSP Facility Security Plan GSM General Security Measure HOV Lane High-Occupancy Vehicle Lane HSAS Homeland Security Advisory System IMO International Maritime Organization ISPS International Ship and Port Security ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act LNM Local Notice to Mariners LO/LO Load-On/Load-Off MARSEC Maritime Security MSIS Database Marine Safety Information System Database MTSA Maritime Transportation Security Act NVIC Navigation and Vessel Inspection Circular NVPZ Naval Vessel Protection Zone PUC Public Utility Commission PVA Passenger Vessel Association RO/RO Roll-On/Roll-Off SSI Sensitive Security Information TEA-21 Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century TSA Transportation Security Administration TSI Transportation Security Incident USCG U.S. Coast Guard VHF Very High Frequency VMRS Vessel Movement Reporting System VSO Vessel Security Officer VSP Vessel Security Plan VTS Vessel Traffic Service 62 Part II: Characteristics of the U.S.
|
From page 61... ...
TRB Transportation Research Board TSA Transportation Security Administration U.S.DOT United States Department of Transportation
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.