Preserving and Using Institutional Memory Through Knowledge Management Practices (2007) / Chapter Skim
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. • Knowledge -- "the combination of data and information, to which is added expert opinion, skills, and experience, to result in a valuable asset which can be used to aid decision SUMMARY PRESERVING AND USING INSTITUTIONAL MEMORY THROUGH KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
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The literature survey revealed that KM processes are recognized as the business processes underlying the management of knowledge as an asset, comparable to physical, financial, and human resource assets. The literature survey focused on examples of very current practices from a wide range of organizations, practices, and literature types, as opposed to more theoretical or evaluative literature.
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Likewise, the human resource manager may have a simplistic understanding of the complex practices developed over decades by librarians worldwide to properly procure, organize, codify, maintain, and provide access to collections of literally millions of intellectual resources, including books, periodicals (in hardcopy or electronic format or both) , CDs, videotapes, websites, virtual collections, content-only databases, etc.
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It also has a unique History Program established by formal written policy in 1984, which created a History Center in the Library and a statewide History Preservation Committee. The Ohio DOT has a strong KM initiative derived from its library function, with robust attention paid to bringing external knowledge into the organization in a sophisticated, systematic manner, and with strong ties to transportation-rich repositories.
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Taking these examples of STAs developing KM as a business process together with examples from the literature sources surveyed, one can conclude that the worldwide trend is to develop KM business processes ubiquitously throughout organizations with strong support and recognition from every level of management. The literature survey lists management standards that incorporate and even require that knowledge and document practices be embedded into the management process.
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The literature survey revealed that both IT and library science skills play important enabling roles in the KM business process. Based on the responses to questions regarding specific practices, tools, and techniques employed, STAs use those that can be characterized as more traditional practices, which see knowledge capturing as mostly a by-product of normal work in the form of compiling and keeping normal work documentation by means of a records management system.
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In general, the main conclusion is that institutional memory practices exist at some level in at least 19 STAs; however, overall strategic intentionality or well-implemented business processes are not present. As revealed in the literature search and interviews, KM practices are generally not as well defined or measurable as other business processes.
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