Bridge Inspection Practices (2007) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix C - Bridge Inspection Practices of Canadian Transport Agencies
Appendix C - Bridge Inspection Practices of Canadian Transport Agencies
Pages 70-89
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From page 70... ...
. The manual is maintained by Ontario's Bridge Inspection Program Manager.
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From page 71... ...
Ontario identifies both inspection team leaders employed by the agency and inspection senior structural engineers employed by the agency or by inspection consultants. Ottawa reports that it has inspection technologists as team leaders assisted by structure inspectors.
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From page 72... ...
TABLE C5 CANADIAN TEAM LEADERS, INSPECTORS, AND ASSISTANTS experienced bridge inspectors or work under the direct supervision of bridge inspectors. Inspection Specialists Quebec province has specialists for equipment inspections, fracture-critical inspections, scour inspections, in-depth inspections, and sign structures.
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From page 73... ...
Quebec Damage Damage inspector (3) DOT Inspection Annual Report Inspection Annual Budget Inspection Workforce Inspection Equipment Hires Agency Leaders and Inspectors Hires Inspection Consultants Hires Agency Load Raters Alberta Yes Edmonton Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes New Brunswick Yes Yes Yes Ontario Ottawa Yes Yes Yes Yes Quebec Yes Yes TABLE C6 CANADIAN INSPECTION SPECIALISTS TABLE C7 ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITIES OF CANADIAN PROGRAM MANAGERS Inspection Policies At all six reporting agencies, program managers develop inspection reporting forms.
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From page 74... ...
74 DOT Orders Damage Inspection Orders Special Inspection Orders InDepth Inspection Orders Hands-On Inspection Orders Bridge Monitoring Orders Field Tests for Inspection Orders NDT Methods Identifies Critical Findings Alberta Edmonton Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes New Brunswick Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Ontario Ottawa Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Quebec Yes NDT = non-destructive testing. DOT Trains Leaders and Inspectors Certifies Leaders and Inspectors Decertifies Leaders and Inspectors Certifies Inspection Consultants Alberta Yes Yes Yes Edmonton New Brunswick Ontario Yes Ottawa Yes Quebec Yes Yes DOT QA/QC Standards and Oversight Agency QA/QC Execution Consultant QC/QA Execution Alberta Yes Yes Yes Edmonton Yes New Brunswick Ontario Yes Ottawa Yes Quebec Yes TABLE C10 CANADIAN PROGRAM MANAGERS AND INCREASED INTENSITY INSPECTIONS TABLE C11 CANADIAN PROGRAM MANAGERS AND TRAINING TABLE C12 CANADIAN PROGRAM MANAGERS AND QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY ASSURANCE ACTIVITIES DOT Bridge Manual Inspection Methods Reporting Forms Bridge Database Format Local Bridges Alberta Yes Yes Yes Edmonton Yes Yes Yes New Brunswick Yes Yes Ontario Yes Yes Yes Ottawa Yes Quebec Yes Yes Yes DOT Sets Inspection Intervals Identifies Complex Bridges Identifies FractureCritical Bridges Identifies ScourCritical Bridges Forms Agency Inspection Teams Assigns Bridges to Agency Teams Selects Access Methods or Equipment Assigns Bridges to Consultants Alberta Edmonton Yes Yes Yes New Brunswick Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Ontario Yes Yes Ottawa Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Quebec Yes Yes Yes TABLE C8 CANADIAN PROGRAM MANAGERS AND PROGRAM PROCEDURES TABLE C9 CANADIAN PROGRAM MANAGERS AND INSPECTION DETAILS
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From page 75... ...
. DOT Inspection Role Inventory Data Load Permit Review Reports to Alberta Requests inspection Load ratings Director, bridge engineering Edmonton Requests inspection Requests monitoring Bridge engineer New Brunswick Requests inspection Requests monitoring Requests measurement Yes Assistant director -- Structures Ontario Requests inspection Requests monitoring Requests measurement Head evaluation and inspection engineer Ottawa Quebec Requests inspection Requests monitoring Requests measurement State bridge engineer DOT Inspection Planning Traffic Control Access Equipment Critical Findings Load Posting Alberta Plans Recommends Edmonton Plans Requests Requests New Brunswick Ontario Plans Requests Requests Recommends Ottawa Plans Requests Quebec Plans Requests Requests Recommends DOT Inspection Methods Special Inspections, Monitoring Directs Hands-On Inspection Note Alberta Directs Yes Edmonton Directs Yes New Brunswick Ontario Directs Recommends Yes Ottawa Directs Yes Quebec Directs TABLE C13 CANADIAN BRIDGE LOAD RATER RESPONSIBILITIES TABLE C14 CANADIAN INSPECTION TEAM LEADER RESPONSIBILITIES TABLE C15 CANADIAN TEAM LEADER FIELD RESPONSIBILITIES
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From page 76... ...
Underwater Bridge Inspection Team Leader, Underwater Bridge Inspector Qualifications for leaders of underwater inspections were reported by three agencies. Edmonton requires an engineering degree for leaders, whereas Ontario and Quebec require PE licenses (Table C27)
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From page 77... ...
DOT Certification Education Bridge Inspection Experience Bridge Inspection Training Alberta PE Engineering degree 10 years Yes Edmonton New Brunswick Ontario PE Engineering degree 5 years Yes Ottawa Quebec PE Engineering degree 5 years Yes DOT Certification Education Bridge Inspection Experience Bridge Inspection Training Alberta PE Engineering degree 10 years Other training Edmonton Engineering degree New Brunswick Ontario PE Engineering degree 5 years Ottawa Quebec PE Engineering degree 2 years Yes TABLE C21 CANADIAN QUALIFICATIONS FOR REGIONAL INSPECTION PROGRAM MANAGERS TABLE C22 CANADIAN QUALIFICATIONS FOR BRIDGE LOAD RATERS DOT Certification Education Bridge Inspection Experience Bridge Inspection Training Alberta PE Engineering degree 10 years Yes Edmonton Engineering degree 5 years New Brunswick Engineering degree Ontario PE Engineering degree 5 years Yes Ottawa PE Engineering degree 10 years Quebec PE Engineering degree 5 years Yes TABLE C20 CANADIAN QUALIFICATIONS FOR INSPECTION PROGRAM MANAGERS
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From page 78... ...
dHigh school diploma or equivalent. TABLE C23 CANADIAN INSPECTION TEAM LEADER QUALIFICATIONS DOT PE Bridge Inspection Experience Note Alberta Edmonton 100% Team leaders (other categories blank)
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From page 79... ...
Ontario's inspection types include routine inspection, emergency inspection, and the following set of specialized inspections: • Detailed deck condition survey • Non-destructive delamination survey of asphalt covered decks • Substructure condition survey • Detailed coating condition survey • Underwater investigation • Fatigue investigation • Seismic investigation • Structure evaluation. INSPECTION INTERVALS Alberta sets inspection intervals at 21 months for bridges along primary highways, 39 months along secondary highways, and 57 months along local roads.
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From page 80... ...
80 DOT Good Health Agility Strength Equipment Note Alberta No specific requirements or review Edmonton General physical suitability No periodic review New Brunswick Ability to climb Work in confined space No periodic review Ontario Must be able to get around at bridge site No periodic review Ottawa No specific requirements or review Quebec Good health Ability to climb Able to work at height Commercial qualification for divers Other, no periodic review DOT Team Size Make Up Team Formation/Stability Note Alberta Varies Based on assignment and consultant's experience Edmonton 2 Leader + inspector 1 Inspector 2 Leader + inspector Long-term Ontario 3 Leader + two inspectors Long-term Near ice or fast water 2 Leader + inspector Long-term Some rotation to accommodate annual leave Ottawa 3 Leader + two inspectors Long-term In winter Quebec 2 As needed New Brunswick TABLE C28 CANADIAN FITNESS REQUIREMENTS TABLE C29 CANADIAN INSPECTION TEAM SIZE DOT FractureCritical Members Special Inspections Increased Intensity Access Bridge Type Movable Bridges Notes Alberta Yes Yes Yes Consultants with recognized experience engaged Edmonton Yes Yes No Consultants New Brunswick Yes Yes Yes Yes Consultants Ontario Yes Yes No Consultants selected among list of qualified firms Ottawa Yes Yes No Consultants Quebec Yes Class A inspector No Fracture or scour specialists join inspection team as needed Special inspections performed by Class A inspectors. DOT Teams Repeat Teams Rotate Neutral Notes Alberta Yes Team inspects same bridges to the extent possible Edmonton Yes New Brunswick Yes Ontario Yes Same bridges; encourages familiarity Ottawa Yes Random assignments Quebec TABLE C30 CANADIAN INSPECTION TEAMS AND INSPECTION TYPES TABLE C31 CANADIAN ROTATION OF INSPECTION TEAMS
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From page 81... ...
81 DOT DOT Inspections, % Consultant Inspections, % Alberta 5 95 Edmonton 100 0 New Brunswick 100 0 Ontario 50 50 Ottawa 100 0 Quebec 40 60 DOT Inspections Assignment Basis Assignment Term Assignment Repeat Alberta All types of inspection By region 3 years No policy Edmonton Damage Fracture-critical In-depth Scour-critical special Underwater As needed New Brunswick Damage Fracture-critical In-depth Scour-critical underwater Ontario All types of inspections By region No Ottawa Most types of inspections Pre-qualified firms No Quebec In-depth Damage Hands-on By region No TABLE C32 CANADIAN USE OF INSPECTION CONSULTANTS TABLE C33 CANADIAN INSPECTION CONSULTANT TEAM ASSIGNMENTS Reporting Form Bridge Type TH Through trusses PT Pony truss SG Rolled beams Riveted plate girders Welded girders Steel rigid frames SS Other trusses and arches DT Deck trusses TT All timber bridges PCS Standard precast bridges PSR Regular prestress bridges CON All cast-in-place concrete bridges Concrete tee girder bridges Concrete flat slab bridges CUL1 Single culverts CULM Multiple culverts CULE Culverts extended with different material and/or size SIGN Sign structures THTT Through trusses with timber approaches THPCS Through trusses with standard precast approaches THPSR Through trusses with regular prestress approaches THSG Through trusses with steel girder approaches THPT Through trusses with pony truss approaches PTTT Pony trusses with timber approaches PTPCS Pony trusses with standard precast approaches SGTT Steel beams with timber approaches SGPCS Steel beams with standard precast approaches PSRPCS Regular prestress with standard precast approaches SSSG Special steel with steel girder approaches DTSG Deck truss with steel girder approaches TABLE C34 ALBERTA INSPECTION FORMS
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From page 82... ...
in response to accident or flood TABLE C36 CANADIAN ROUTINE, HANDS-ON INSPECTION Agency Inspection Standard Interval Bridges and culverts on primary highways 21 months Bridges and culverts on secondary highways 39 months Bridges and culverts on local roads 57 months Pedestrian bridges in parks 57 months Alberta New bridges, bridge after major repairs Immediate on completion Bridges and culverts with spans more than 3 m All retaining walls All movable bridges 24 months Culverts in good condition with spans up to 6 m Retaining walls in good condition 48 months Structures with extensive poor condition Posted structures Structures with restricted clearance Single-load-path structures Structures with fatigue-prone details Structures with fracture-critical components Pins and hangers in arch structures Pins in suspended spans and pinned arches <24 months Ontario Underwater 60–120 months Routine 24 monthsOttawa Underwater 120 months Routine 24–60 months Underwater 120 months Quebec Fracture-critical As needed TABLE C35 CANADIAN INSPECTION INTERVALS
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From page 83... ...
Initial report is in bridge file, but not part of database. Edmonton Yes No New Brunswick Yes No Ontario Yes No Ottawa Yes Yes Yes No Note for significant information; may be added to database.
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From page 84... ...
smart flags and include: • Load carrying capacity • Excessive deformations DOT Method Notes Visual monitor Interim inspection Alberta Instrumentation Annual ultrasonic inspection of two-girder bridges Sonic radar inspection of footings at 15 river bridges after significant flood event Edmonton Visual monitor 1-, 2-, and 5-year cycles; for poor condition; indefinite duration New Brunswick Visual monitor Interim inspections as frequent as monthly Ontario Measurement Crack opening, movement, or deflection, often at 2 years Measurement Relative movement using slide gauges and survey points Ottawa Instrumentation Acoustic monitoring of a large post-tensioned bridge Visual monitor Hands-on inspection at 6 or 12 monthsQuebec Instrumentation Usually with data logging TABLE C39 CANADIAN BRIDGE MONITORING Rating Commentary Maintenance Priority 9 Very good New condition No repairs in foreseeable future 8 Almost new condition No repairs in foreseeable future 7 Good Could be upgraded to new condition with very little effort No repairs necessary at this time 6 Generally good condition Functioning as designed with no signs of distress or deterioration No repairs necessary at this time 5 Adequate Acceptable condition and functioning as intended No repairs necessary at this time 4 Below minimum acceptable condition Low priority for repairs 3 Poor Presence of distress or deterioration or not functioning as intended Medium priority for replacement, repair, and/or signing 2 Hazardous condition or severe distress or deterioration High priority for replacement, repair, and/or signing 1 Immediate action Danger of collapse and/or danger to users Bridge closure, replacement, repair, and/or signing required as soon as possible N Not accessible Element cannot be visually inspected X Not applicable Element not applicable to this bridge TABLE C40 ALBERTA CONDITION RATINGS
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From page 85... ...
. Program Staff in Quality Control and Quality Assurance Quality programs are executed by Class A inspectors in Alberta, by the Head Inspection and Evaluation Engineer in Ontario, and by special staff for ISO 9001 procedures in Quebec (Table C43)
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From page 86... ...
TABLE C42 CANADIAN QUALITY CONTROL DOCUMENTS DOT Personnel Qualification Bridge preservation specialist Class A Inspector Regional bridge managers Class A Inspector Alberta BIM inspection reviewer (consultant) Class A Inspector Edmonton No response New Brunswick N/A Ontario Head inspection and evaluation engineer Structure inspection technologists Ottawa Structure inspectors Quebec Specific staff Special ISO 9001 training courses N/A = not applicable.
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From page 87... ...
Ontario makes annual reviews of regions and biennial reviews of team leaders. Quebec performs QA audits every 3 years (Table C50)
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From page 88... ...
Various bridge types and locations Yes Yes Ottawa Quebec Bridge 5% 5% per year Random Yes Yes TABLE C48 CANADIAN BASIC ELEMENTS OF QUALITY ASSURANCE REVIEW TABLE C49 CANADIAN QUALITY ASSURANCE REVIEW OF BRIDGE INSPECTIONS DOT Team/Team Leader Interval Region/District Interval Note Alberta 4 years 4 years Edmonton New Brunswick Ontario 24 months 12 months Ottawa As required As required Quebec 3 years Full verification TABLE C50 CANADIAN QUALITY ASSURANCE INTERVALS
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From page 89... ...
A report of the number of structures audited, variations in ratings, and overall ranking of the inspections (not acceptable, marginally unacceptable, acceptable, very good) Edmonton New Brunswick Ontario No formal benchmark Ottawa Quebec ISO audit report DOT Team Leaders Load Raters Inspection Consultants Alberta No set policy; corporate rating affects award process Edmonton New Brunswick Ontario No set policy; corporate rating affects award process Ottawa Quebec 5 years without bridge inspection work DOT Inspector QA Remedies Personnel Re-Qualify Promotion/Award Alberta Training No for agency staff, yes for consultants Edmonton New Brunswick Ontario Training Yes for consultants Ottawa Quebec Training New training + exam Yes TABLE C51 CANADIAN TOLERANCES FOR QUALITY ASSURANCE REVIEW TABLE C52 CANADIAN QUALITY ASSURANCE BENCHMARKS TABLE C53 CANADIAN BASIS FOR DISQUALIFICATION OF INSPECTION PROGRAM STAFF TABLE C54 CANADIAN INSPECTOR REMEDIES, DISQUALIFICATION, AND ADVANCEMENT
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