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Myopia Prevalence and Progression (1989) / Chapter Skim
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4. Conclusions and Recommendations
Pages 36-42

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From page 36...
... Changes such as the proportion of the general population falling within specified age ranges and the possible short-term variations in risk factors could easily account for the magnitudes of difference in prevalence extrapolated from the literature. By comparison, it is possible that significant changes in prevalence of Tow and moderate myopia have occurred within certain other non-Caucasian ethnic groups (notably Eskimos and Japanese)
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From page 37...
... (Unfortunately, good noncollege myopia prevalence data are not available.) Alternatively, myopic changes in the college years may be small and transient for a significant number of individuals and therefore bald to affect adult population prevalence studies, which include a large proportion of individuals beyond college age.
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From page 38...
... However, studies of uncorrected visual acuity loss indicate that at least 20 percent of nonmyopes become myopic during the four-year period following entrance to college or military academy. It appears that there is a distinct form of myopia (or myopic shift)
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From page 39...
... Investigation should be undertaken to determine what proportion of young adults eligible for military academies and pHot training are hyperopic and which low hyperopes and emmetropes exhibit myopic shifts after entering this environment. Special attention should be given to those risk factors that have been associated with juvenile myopia.
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From page 40...
... Questions such as this could be answered by a longitudinal study of college students in which each of the relevant ocular optical components among those who showed myopic progression could be compared with those who did not. Hypotheses concerning appropriate preventive measures can be selected more rationally after we have learned more about the optical components of myopic change and its probable causers)
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From page 41...
... C No study of refractive states should include less than a subjective or objective measure of refraction, corneal curvatures (using a small mire keratometer)
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From page 42...
... Studies comparing refractive errors obtained by various methods would permit better analysis of myopia research generally; most unportant among these are automated instrumentation measured against retinoscopic and subjective methods, and selected cycloplegic techniques against noncycloplegic subjective methods.
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Key Terms

  • military academies
  • college students
  • refractive status
  • low hyperopes
  • optical components

  • refractive errors
  • visual acuity
  • risk factors
  • adult population
  • axial elongation

  • longitudinal studies
  • myopic shift
  • uncorrected visual
  • military academy
  • subjective methods

  • adult myopes
  • refractive states
  • near work
  • military officer
  • entered military

  • axial length
  • officer training
  • refractive changes
  • develop myopia
  • refractive state

  • nearest horizontal
  • academic activities
  • refractive error
  • automated instrumentation
  • meridians nearest


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