Manual for Emulsion-Based Chip Seals for Pavement Preservation (2011) / Chapter Skim
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Although the chipseal binder has the ability to seal cracks greater than this width, as crack width increases, the emulsion residue is less effective at bridging the gap across the crack and sealants should be used to fill these cracks prior to chip sealing. 2.1.3 Flushing/Bleeding Chip seals may be applied to remedy friction loss, but penetration of chips into flushed pavement surfaces may limit effectiveness unless chips can be retained with lower emulsion application rates.
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From page 4... ...
2.4.2 Residential Chip seals constructed with larger aggregates are rough textured. This rough surface texture is often unpopular among residential users such as roller skaters and skateboarders or individuals who need to lie on the pavement to repair vehicles.
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200 can be tolerated before setting occurs and there is loss of adhesion to the coarse chips. 2.5.1.3 Moisture Content Aggregates in the saturated surface dry condition provide better resistance to sweeping than dry aggregates when asphalt emulsions are used.
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From page 6... ...
This preparation varies depending on the condition of the existing pavement but at a minimum should include sweeping the surface to remove loose debris, dust, or other contaminants. 2.6.1 Fog Seal Pre-Treatment of Substrate If the pavement surface is extremely dry or porous or there is possible loss of some of the chip-seal binder to the pavement, a light fog seal application should be considered prior to chip sealing.
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