A Handbook for Addressing Water Resource Issues Affecting Airport Development Planning (2011) / Chapter Skim
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Some of the more crucial and complex aspects of a project that stakeholders must consider are the issues associated with managing water resources that are potentially impacted by the development project. The need to manage "water resource issues" is created when airport stakeholders identify potential water resource impacts and determine the regulatory requirements associated with those impacts.
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Storm water quantity and floodplains, 4. Hazardous wildlife attractants, 5.
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Handbook Overview 3 The overarching objective of the Handbook is to facilitate implementation of development projects in a way that protects water resources while minimizing the effects of water resource issue management on the project function, schedule, and costs and on airport operations. To support this objective, the Handbook promotes consideration of these issues through the structure of a Water Resource Issue Management Program (Program)
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Section 3 provides detailed guidance on specific methods and strategies for integrating the management of water resource issues and development project implementation through the life-cycle of the development project. 4 A Handbook for Addressing Water Resource Issues Affecting Airport Development Planning • Recognizing that the management of water resource issues and development project implementation is a "cradle to grave" process is important.
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Water Resource Issue Fact Sheets. Fact sheets are provided in Appendix B for the following seven individual water resource issue categories: • Fact Sheet 1: Physical Impacts to Wetlands and Other Surface Waters • Fact Sheet 2: Surface Water and Groundwater Quality • Fact Sheet 3: Storm Water Quantity and Floodplains • Fact Sheet 4: Hazardous Wildlife Attractants • Fact Sheet 5: Aquatic Life and Habitat • Fact Sheet 6: Coastal Zones and Barriers • Fact Sheet 7: Wild and Scenic Rivers 6.
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It is envisioned that airport and project-specific worksheets could be passed along to stakeholders as a means of communicating key issues and facilitating decisionmaking. 6 A Handbook for Addressing Water Resource Issues Affecting Airport Development Planning 7.
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Figure 1. Primary and support activities recommended for managing water resource issues on airport development projects.
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s(etistcejorprofyrotnevnIecruoseRretaWetadpU Appendix B Fact Sheets 3.2.2noitceSyrotnevnIytilicaFnoitagitiMetadpU Appendix B Fact Sheets Define key project characteristics for the site that might affect water resources Section 2.2.4 Appendix B Fact Sheets Worksheet 2 Eliminate from consideration water resources at sites that will not be affected Section 2.2.4 Appendix B Fact Sheets Worksheet 3 Assess and decide upon protocols for managing the NEPA process for water resource issues that need to be considered Section 2.3.2 Appendix C NEPA Guide Define the protocols for managing the integrated assessment of water resource issues and project implementation Section 2.3.3 Appendix B Fact Sheets 4 Perform Activities Associated with Conceptual Planning Target data collection based on initial cost and project risk Section 2.2.2 Identify and characterize specific water resource issues on sites Section 3.3 Determine project alternatives and consider water resource issue impacts Section 3.3 ediuGAPENCxidneppAtcejorPehtnoAPENothcaorppAenimreteD 5 Perform Activities Associated with Detailed Planning Identify permit and permit schedule needs for specific water resource issues Section 3.4 Acquire site-specific field data to support permitting and design Section 3.4 4.3noitceSsevitanretlalortnocdnanoitagitimpoleveD ediuGAPENCxidneppAnoitatnemucodAPENetelpmoC 4.3noitceSsisylanadnanoitisiuqcaatadnodesabtcejorptpadA 6 Perform Activities Associated with Project Execution Reassess water resource issues based on detailed siting and design analyses Section 3.5 Complete permit applications for individual water resource issues Section 3.5 Modify project as necessary based on regulatory approval and feedback Section 3.5 Table 1. Sections associated with each recommended water resource issue management step.
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Overview of Recommended Actions for Planning Personnel Planners should consider the following actions to promote a more effective management of water resource issues in the development project implementation process.
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1.3.3 Overview of Guidance on Integrated Life-Cycle Management of Water Resource Issues Within the Project Implementation Process In Section 3, a method for a life-cycle-based strategy of managing the interaction between water resource issue management and development project implementation is proposed. For the purposes of the Handbook, "life-cycle" incorporates actions taken between the "initial assessment" of the project concept to the "operational startup" period for the project that has been 10 A Handbook for Addressing Water Resource Issues Affecting Airport Development Planning Key Notes Ideally, baseline information on site water resources and the general approach to water resource issue management would be available to planners prior to the start of the planning process.
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Four main elements of that iterative process tend to recur in each project stage: characterize water resources, define compliance requirements, assess project effects, and consolidate all effects (see Figure 2)
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On the other hand, water quality-based impacts may have relatively little effect on the ability to site a project at the desired location, but could require land in other locations at the airport for storm water storage and treatment. Each fact sheet provides a detailed approach to managing the process of complying with regulatory requirements for a specific water resource issue within the context of a development project.
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Water Resource Issue Fact Sheet Summaries 14 Physical Impacts to Wetlands and Other Surface Waters 16 Surface Water and Groundwater Quality 18 Storm Water Quantity and Floodplains 20 Hazardous Wildlife Attractants 22 Aquatic Life and Habitat 24 Coastal Zones and Barriers 26 Wild and Scenic Rivers S U M M A R I E S
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A summary of the guidance for reducing those project impacts follow. 14 A Handbook for Addressing Water Resource Issues Affecting Airport Development Planning Guidance for Reducing Project Impacts from Managing Issues Associated with Physical Impacts to Wetlands and Other Surface Waters Water Resource Inventory Prepare water resource inventory for use on multiple projects.
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Submit complete notifications and applications. Consider enhancements to existing surface waters to get mitigation credit rather than construction of new wetlands or surface water segments.
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Airport development projects can affect surface water and groundwater quality as a result of changes in the site characteristics affecting storm water discharges from the development site, changes in pollutants associated with construction, changes in pollutants associated with subsequent operations, and controls required to mitigate for those changes. Often the impacts to surface water quality at airports are related to changes in the quality, quantity, and discharge location of storm water runoff.
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Seek to locate the development project in areas that will not impact surface or groundwater resources and not attract wildlife hazardous to aviation. Verify that meeting compliance requirements associated with surface water quality for one development project do not inadvertently trigger additional compliance requirements for others.
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Summary of Fact Sheet 3: Storm Water Quantity and Floodplains Many of the most common airport development projects can affect the quantities of storm water discharged from the airport site. Those storm water discharges can in turn affect the propensity for regional flooding and runoff-related impacts.
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Reduce management and consultant costs with well-planned and coordinated schedules for development project and storm water quantity assessments. Coordinate with local agencies, property owners, and regulators to assist with identifying core regulatory requirements, interests, and data on local flooding issues.
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• Does the project have the potential to change infiltration rates, thus creating or reducing the presence of surface waters such as wetlands? • How long will it take to obtain a resolution among regulatory agencies on conflicting regulations for wildlife hazards, storm water quantity control, surface water quality, and physical impacts to wetlands and other surface waters?
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Carefully consider the documented effectiveness of wildlife hazard attractant control methods. Locate projects in areas where there are no issues associated with hazardous wildlife attractants.
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Airport development projects may require the physical removal of aquatic species or habitat. Species and habitats can also be affected through secondary effects associated with ongoing operations such as changes in discharges of storm water or treated wastewater.
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Consider the need for storm water controls for projects to minimize impacts to downstream aquatic life or habitat. Relocate the project to avoid impacts to aquatic life or habitat or provide alternatives that minimize impacts.
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New development projects also have the potential to alter water quality and quantity. Nonpoint source industrial runoff and point source storm water discharges may contribute to degradation of water quality along the coast.
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Coordinate with state agency to determine whether there are controls or design modifications that may minimize potential coastal impacts. Consult with state agencies to identify required permits and approvals and potential timeframes to be incorporated into project planning.
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A summary of the guidance for reducing those project impacts follows. 26 A Handbook for Addressing Water Resource Issues Affecting Airport Development Planning Guidance for Reducing Project Impacts from Managing Issues Associated with Wild and Scenic Rivers Water Resource Inventory Modeling, Calculations, and Analyses Data Collection Control Siting Design Implementation Understand location of wild and scenic rivers early in the project implementation process.
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Handbook Overview 27 Staffing Stakeholder Coordination Maintenance Permit Acquisition or Approvals Identify the expertise needed, select qualified experts, and bring the experts in at the right time. Coordinate with regulators in the Conceptual Planning and Detailed Planning Phases including discussions of funding, authorizing, and NEPA lead agency -- especially if impacts necessitate the need to ensure aircraft safety.
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