Guidelines for Integrating Alternative Jet Fuel into the Airport Setting (2012) / Chapter Skim
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25 S E C T I O N 3 How Can Alternative Jet Fuels Be Integrated into the Airport Setting?
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This is likely to be an iterative process since there are many factors to consider and the field is evolving rapidly. 3.3 Stakeholder Analysis Stakeholder analysis is important when evaluating alternative jet fuel projects.
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• Airports: no or minimal changes required to existing fueling infrastructure and processes; 100% confidence that alternative fuels are indeed drop-in. • End users: alternative jet fuel cost that is competitive in terms of price with conventional jet fuel; 100% confidence that alternative fuels are indeed drop-in.
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2. Time horizon considerations: Alternative jet fuel projects have long time horizons.
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For fossil fuels, plant oils, and animal fats, it is advisable that the processing plant be located close to existing transportation infrastructure such as pipelines, railways, or waterways. For biomass feedstocks, it is widely accepted that the processing plant should be no farther than 50 miles from where the feedstocks are harvested.
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In addition, given the complex technical issues surrounding fueling system and airfield design, engaging an aviation consultant engineer familiar with these topics may be advisable to assist with locating a processing facility. The main regulatory elements discussed here are as follows: • FAA policies and regulations • Environmental reviews and permitting • Energy policy FAA policies: How do FAA policies and regulations affect airport plans to produce and distribute alternative jet fuels?
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The FAA and FAA-related documents most likely to be relevant for alternative jet fuel projects are as follows (see Section 6.1 for full citations) : • FAA AC 150/5070-6B, Airport Master Plans • FAA AC 150/5200-33, Hazardous Wildlife Attractants on or Near Airports • FAA AC 150/5230-4A, Aircraft Fuel Storage, Handling, and Dispensing on Airports • FAA AC 150/5300-13, Airport Design • FAA Order 5050.4B, National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
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FAA policies: Are alternative jet fuel projects at airports eligible for Airport Improvement Program funding? Costs associated with alternative jet fuel production are not Airport Improvement Program (AIP)
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For alternative jet fuel projects on the airport, airports should refer to FAA Order 1050.1E, which is the FAA's umbrella guidance for NEPA compliance. Installation of on-airport fuel facilities requires the FAA to issue an unconditional approval to an airport layout plan.
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Partnership for Air Transportation Noise and Emission Reduction (PARTNER) Project 20 -- Emissions Characteristics of Alternative Aviation Fuels: This project characterizes particle emission measurements for a series of alternative fuels (PARTNER 2010a)
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, and the Sustainable Aviation Fuels How Can Alternative Jet Fuels Be Integrated into the Airport Setting?
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Energy policy: What programs exist that may allow recurring support for alternative jet fuel projects? The following policies may take a variety of forms, including tax incentives, insurance for crops, and tax credits for alternative jet fuels.
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3.5.2 Environmental As discussed in Section 2.4, alternative jet fuels have two principal potential environmental benefits. First, the overall life-cycle GHG footprint may be lower than for conventional fuel.
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/ (1.0 × 87.5) = 72.20 / 87.5 = 0.83 Thus, the proposed alternative fuel at the proposed level of mixture with conventional jet fuel is estimated to reduce the overall life-cycle GHG footprint of the fuel being used by between 17% and 20%.
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/ (1.0 × 1.0) = 0.75 Thus, the proposed alternative fuel at the proposed level of mixture with conventional jet fuel is estimated to reduce the overall PM2.5 intensity of the fuel being used by between 25% and 37%.
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However, given that building new rail lines or pipelines is very expensive, alternative jet fuel projects should be located close to existing infrastructure. More information on existing rail and pipeline infrastructure is available at the National Atlas of the United States (http://www.nationalatlas.gov/natlas/Natlasstart.asp)
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Can alternative jet fuels use the same infrastructure as conventional jet fuel? As long as the alternative jet fuel is certified as a drop-in fuel, it can use the same infrastructure as conventional jet fuel.
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The use of an untested technology or feedstock for producing alternative jet fuels increases the risk of the project. To get a better idea of the risk factors, financial institutions would want to investigate the following: a.
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• Thorough analysis of the financial aspects, including an investment-quality business plan that specifies capitalization, revenue, costs, and risks at appropriate intervals over the lifetime of the enterprise. How Can Alternative Jet Fuels Be Integrated into the Airport Setting?
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