Travel Demand Forecasting: Parameters and Techniques (2012) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix B - Review of Literature on Transferability Studies
Appendix B - Review of Literature on Transferability Studies
Pages 124-135
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From page 124... ...
evaluated spatial transferability of linear regression models of household-level trip generation and zonal-level trip generation, using data from three cities in Virginia: Roanoke, Harrisonburg, and Winchester. In the household-level model, they considered two explanatory variables (auto ownership and household size)
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From page 125... ...
examined the spatial transferability of a linear regression model of total home-based trip productions at the person level between two urban areas in Brazil: Sao Paulo and Bauru. They used a standardized form of the regression model, where the dependent and independent variables are represented in standardized form and are unit free.
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From page 126... ...
(2005) examined the spatial transferability of linear regression and Tobit models of person-level trip generation models, using data from Tel Aviv and Haifa in Israel.
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Badoe and Steuart (1997) studied the temporal transferability of linear regression home-based trip generation models at the household level with a simple transfer method and using data from the Greater Toronto area from 1964 and 1986.
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From page 128... ...
In general, however, it appears safe to say that trip generation transferability will be improved with better variable specifications, a disaggregate-level analysis at the household or person level rather than at an aggregate zonal level, a model structure that reflects the ordinal and discrete nature of trips, and a transfer approach that involves transfer scaling of coefficients. In the context of transfer scaling, it should be pointed out that most trip generation analyses of transferability have focused on a simple transfer approach, rather than on a transfer approach that combines some limited information from the application context to update the estimation context relationships for use in the application area.
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From page 129... ...
The authors made some tentative conclusions about the effectiveness of the alternative transfer methods based on the model's predictions of behavioral changes, including the superiority of the transfer scaling approach for simple models and large transfer biases (i.e., large differences in the locally estimated parameter values in the estimation and application contexts) , and the better performance of the combined transfer approach when the sample size in the application context is large and the transfer bias is small.
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From page 130... ...
The results indicate that the Bayesian update approach works best, especially when the disaggregate sample available from the application context is small in size and the original estimation context choice model is well specified. However, there is little difference in the extent of transferability between the model with no updating and that with even the Bayesian update.
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From page 131... ...
The work trip mode choice model developed for the City of Winnipeg was used as the estimation context, while the other cities were considered as the application contexts. Four modal alternatives were considered: drive alone, shared ride (driver and passenger)
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The influence of the size of the estimation context data on transferability also was examined by using four different sample sizes for estimation of the Helsinki mode choice model using a 1995 mobility survey. The results show that the joint context estimation is generally the best method of transfer, especially when the estimated coefficients of the locally estimated models are quite different between the estimation and application contexts.
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From page 133... ...
, the combined transfer approach to be best when the sample size in the application context is large and the transfer bias is small, and the joint context estimation and Bayesian update approaches to be best with small sample sizes in the application context. B.3.3 Summary There is substantial literature on work trip mode choice model transferability although much of it is focused on spatial transferability rather than temporal transferability.
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From page 134... ...
. "Analysis of Temporal Transferability of Disaggregate Work Trip Mode Choice Models." Transportation Research Record 1493, pp.
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From page 135... ...
. "Transferability of Trip Generation Models." Transportation Research Record 751, pp.
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