Snow Avalanche Hazards and Mitigation in the United States (1990) / Chapter Skim
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3. Avalanche Management Policy in the United States
3. Avalanche Management Policy in the United States
Pages 20-26
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From page 20... ...
Following the disastrous 1905-1906 winter in Colorado's San Juan Mountains, with dozens of fatalities and extensive property loss due to avalanches, the editor of the Silverton Standard proposed a full-scale zoning plan for the area, with three different types of protective controls: the power to issue or withhold building permits or licenses based on the location of a building, the gathering of statistics on avalanche location and frequency, and the actual forecasting of avalanche events so that buildings could be evacuated. These goals would eventually be met but not for more than half a century (B.
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From page 21... ...
The long-term records of mountain weather and avalanche occurrence, begun at Alta, Stevens Pass, and Berthoud Pass, were continued, and additional reporting sites were established throughout the western United States. Alpine snow and avalanche research continued at Fort Collins throughout the 1970s and early 1980s, and a broad range of snow and avalanche problems were investigated.
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From page 22... ...
Avalanche bulletins for Colorado were issued by the USFS regional forecast center in the early 1970s, and subsequently the USFS helped establish other regional avalanche forecast centers in Utah, Washington, and Alaska to provide daily public forecasts of backcountry avalanche conditions on USFS lands. An internal USFS document reviewed the program in 1973 and reported the following (Martinelli, 1973~: In the United States, the Forest Service program has displayed professional leadership for the ~ .
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From page 23... ...
A 1987 review of existing policies carried out by Colorado's White River National Forest, prompted by Il avalanche-caused deaths in the state during the winter of 1986-1987, stated that the USFS should review its level of financial support for the Colorado Avalanche Information Center to ensure that the USFS is providing its fair share, since such centers provide "a very valuable service to users of the National Forests" (Woodrow, 1986~. The federal government retains specific though limited responsibilities, as defined by Public Law 93-2S, the Disaster Relief Act of 1974.
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From page 24... ...
In Utah, where avalanches have resulted in more fatalities than has any other natural hazard, the Geologic Hazards Information Act 1984 HB-28 specifically identified snow avalanches as a significant hazard to public safety and property (UGMS, 1983~. The legislation required that hazard maps be prepared and made available to the public.
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From page 25... ...
With some federal attention to the avalanche problem warranted, and with snow avalanches recognized as a type of slope failure, a possibility that should be further explorer} is the incorporation of some snow avalanche process and hazard-delineation research into the U.S. Geological Survey's slope failure program.
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From page 26... ...
26 addle federal agency carries out r~earcb iD dope stabibV, the responsibUiV being Debark by the u.s. Geological Sumac the USES, the Agricultural R~earcb Service, the Bureau of ~damaboD, and the u.s.
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