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National Interests in an Age of Global Technology (1991) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 151-159

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From page 151...
... Index A Airbus Industrie, 96 Aircraft engine industry, 33-34, 46, 48,51,93-97 critical technologies, 34, 97 Europe, 33, 34, 96 foreign direct investment, 33 government role, 33, 95 interflrm alliances, 33, 93-95 Japan, 33, 34, 96 product cycles, 33, 93-94 R&D, 33, 34, 94, 95, 96 American Technology Preeminence Act, 12,86 Antitrust policy, 11-12, 51-52, 74, 85-86 electrical equipment, 124 electric turbine generators, 123 Japan, 69, 74 monopolies, global 51-52 see also Interfirm alliances; Mergers and acquisitions Artificial intelligence, see Expert systems 15 ASEA Brown Boveri, 123 Asia, 17, 19, 26, 27, 40, 54, 68, 135 South Korea, 63 see also Japan Automotive industry, 29-31, 45-46, 48,6(}61,98-102 Europe, 30, 31, 98 foreign direct investment, 30 foreign trade, 30-31 government role, 101 Japan, 30-31, 45-46, 98, 99, 101-102 joint ventures and interim alliances, 30, 99, 100, 101 management, 99, 102 protectionism, 30 B Ben Franklin Partnership Program, 6,64 Best practice techniques, 46 generic technologies, 7-8, 79-81 Biotechnology, 28, 35, 41, 47, 103-109
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From page 152...
... firms, 11, 76, 82, 85 Corporations, see Transnational corporations Costs, 27, 51, 72, 82 aircraft engine development, 33, 34 computer printer manufacturing, 116 generic technologies, government assistance, 7-8, 80, 81 of protectionism, 48, 52 D Defense industries, see Military technology Department of Commerce, 8, 40, 41, 81,83, 125 Department of Defense, 8, 81 Developing countries, 46, 52, 63, 98, 111 Diffusion, technology, 4, 6, 7, 72, 76, 77 generic, 7-8, 79-81 E Education, 5, 6,57, 60, 61-63, 76, 82-83 national learning differentials, 51 primary/secondary, 60, 61-63 public investment, 9 see also Universities Electrical equipment and power systems, 123-133 Electronics, 17, 123 semiconductors, 7, 46, 51, 52, 67, 134-137 see also Computers and computer science
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From page 153...
... , 12, 74, 86, 125 General Electric, 33, 34, 93, 95, 96 Generic technologies, 7-8, 79-81 Genetic engineering, see Biotechnology Group of Five, 15, 50 Group of Seven, 17, 18 H Hewlett-Packard, 40, 114, 115 Human factors, 5 creativity, 60, 68 cultural factors, 51, 60, 76, 112 individualism, 60 see also Engineers and scientists
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From page 154...
... 154 IBM, 40 Imports and exports, see International trade Industrial Technology Institute, 6, 12,79 Information industry, 28,58,59 publication, scientific, 57 technical personnel, 47 see also Computers and computer science Infrastructure, 5, 7, 8-9, 76, 82-83 automotive industry, 101 investment in, 64 66 rational, 7, 8-9,73, 86 regional, 7 see also Capital investment; Education Intellectual properly, 71 computer software, 59 patents, 1, 15, 17, 19-21,46,52, 56 Interf~rm alliances, 27-28,30, 32, 45,51,52 International Electrical Association, 124 International negotiations and agreements, 52, 74 see also Antitrust policy; European Community; GATT; OECD; U.S.-Japan Semiconductor Agreement; U.S.-Japan Structural Impediments Initiative International organizations, 12, 16, 17, 39-40, 68, 86 see also GATT, OECD International trade, 1, 9-10, 25, 26, 45, 46, 47-52, 84 aircraft industry, 33 autos, 3~31 INDEX construction industry, 31-32 electrical equipment, 124 General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, 12, 74, 86, 125 high-tech, 15, 19, 22, 25-26, 40 see also Antitrust policy; International negotiations and agreements; International organizations; OECD Intraindustry trade, 49-51 Japan, 14, 15-16, 17, 19, 41, 67, 135 aircraft engines, 33, 34, 96 antitrust, 69,74 auto industry, 3~31,45-46, 98, 99, 101-102 capital investment, 68 computer primers, 115, 116, 117-118 construction industry, 32-33, 120 consumers, 67 electrical equipment, 124 foreign direct investment, 30, 49, 50, 85 infrastructure investment, 65 patents, 17 protectionism, 11,48-49, 85, 124 quality control, 46 U.S.-Japan Semiconductor Agreement, 52 U.S.-Japan Structural Impediments Initiative, 74 Joint ventures, 7, 27-29, 38, 41,51, 73, 79, 100, 101 aircraft, 33 auto industry, 30, 99, 100, 101; see also Interfere alliances; Technology, licensing electrical equipment, 124 electric turbine generators, 123
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From page 155...
... INDEX Kodak, 117 K L Laser technology, computer printers, 115 Laws, specific federal American Technology Preeminence Act, 12, 86 foreign direct investment, 1~11, 84-85 Omnibus Trade and Competitiveness Act, 12, 86 Technology Corporation Act, 12, 86 Licensing, see Technology, licensing M Machine tool industry, 48 Management and managers, 2, 34-35, 45, 46, 47, 62, 71, 80, 84 auto industry, 99, 102 construction industry, 32-33, 122 chemical process industry, 111, 112 electrical equipment, 124 see also Process design; Product cycles Manufacturing, 12, 39, 78, 86, 100 aircraft industry, 33-34, 46, 48, 51, 93-97 automotive industry, 29-31, 45-46,48,60-61,98-102 basic skills education and, 61 chemical process industry, 110-113 competition, 11-12, 14, 17, 3~35, 48, 51-52 155 computer printer industry, 35, 46, 114-118 electrical equipment and power, 123-133 electronics, general, 17, 123 flexible, 3~31, 135 generic technologies, 7-8, 79-81 high-tech, 15, 17, 19, 22, 25-26, 40, 45, 59, 62, 73, 108 inventories, 41, 46 machine tools, 48 organization of, 46, 62, 78, 102 productivity, 14, 17-19 semiconductors, 7, 46, 51, 52, 67, 134-137 steel industry, 45~6, 48 university mismatch with industry, 63-64, 66, 68, 125 Markets, see Antitrust and antitrust law; Competition; International trade; National markets Materials science, 28, 35 computer printers, 116 technical personnel, 47 Mergers and acquisitions, 12, 24, 26-29, 51-52, 74 construction industry, 31-32 electrical equipment, 124 Military technology, 7, 8, 16, 24, 39, 79 aircraft engines, 33, 95 university funding, 63-64 Monopolies, see Antitrust policy Multinational corporations, see Transnational corporations N National governments, 2-3, 5, 6-10, 76-77, 78-79, 82-84 aircraft industry, 33, 9S
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From page 156...
... research, 38 international directions, 84-86 nationally managed trade, 2, 27 see also Regulation and deregulation Pratt & Whitney, 33, 34, 93, 95, 96 Process design, 6, 24, 34, 35, 46, 62, 72, 80, 95, 11~113 Product cycles, 2, 27, 28, 65, 66, 72
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From page 157...
... INDEX aircraft engines, 33, 93-94 autos, 102 Product design, 6, 7, 24, 35, 46, 62, 72, 80, 96 aircraft engines, 94, 95 computer-aided, 79, 112, 120 construction industry, 31, 32 Production and productivity, 15, 17 auto industry, 31 Gross Domestic Product, 16, 18, 65 Gross National Product, 16, 39, 58,65 internationalization, 1-2, 24 manufacturing, 14, 17-19, 22, 62 national government intervention, 3 research and downstream capabilities, 4, 6, 9, 67, 78 total factor, 39 Protectionism, 10, 11, 48-51, 73, 74,84,85 auto industry, 30 cost of, 48, 52 discrimination against U.S. firms, 11, 76, 82, 85 electrical equipment, 124 see also Antitrust policy; Foreign direct investment; International trade; Regulation and deregulation Q Quality control, 41~2, 46, 79 R Regional issues, 6, 48, 74, 78-79 auto industry, 98-99 generic technology, 80 infrastructure, 7 interfirm alliances, 29 157 Regulation and deregulation, 5, 9, 74, 76, 82, 83 autos, 99 biotechnology, 109 construction industry, 31, 119, 121-122 generic technologies, 80 see also International negotiations and agreements; Protectionism; Standards Research and development, 1, 2, 39-41 academic, 36-37 aircraft, 33, 34, 94, 95, 96 biotechnology, 109 chemical processes, 111 competition and, 4, 6, 15, 77-78 construction-related, 31, 32, 121 interdisciplinary, 38 law, specific federal, 12, 86 military technology, 7, 8, 16, 24, 33,39,63-64,79,95 product cycles and, 2, 27, 28, 33, 65, 66, 72, 93-94 spending, 1, 15-16, 27, 37-38, 39, 41, 55, 64, 77, 81, 94, 95 U.S., 4, 5-6, 54-57, 63-64 see also Engineers and scientists Rolls-Royce, 33, 34, 93, 95, 96 S Semiconductor industry, 7, 46, 51, 52, 67, 134-137 Service sector, 40, 58, 78, 86 chemical process industry, 113 competition, 11-12 construction industry, 31-33, 119-122 Siemens, 117 Southern Technology Council, 6, 12,79 Standard of living, 9, 80, 82
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From page 158...
... universities, 37-39 Technology Corporation Act, 12, 86
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From page 159...
... INDEX Transportation, 58 aircraft engine industry, 33-34, 93-97 auto industry, 29-31, 45~6, 48, 6() 61,98-102 U Universities, 35-39, 57, 77, 83 chemical engineering, 11~111 doctoral degrees, 36, 42, 57, 62 foreign funding of research, 38, 42 foreign faculty, 26, 35, 36-37, 60,63,77 foreign students, 35, 36-37, 42, 57, 62-63 master's degrees, 62 relations with industry, 63~4, 66, 68, 125 159 research, 36-39, 64, 77 state role, 42, 64, 77 student aid, 38, 42, 68 U.S.-Japan Semiconductor Agreement, 52 U.S.-Japan Structural Impediments Initiative, 74 V Venture capital, 59, 67-68 W Westinghouse, 124 X Xerox, 114, 117
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Key Terms

  • military technology
  • product cycles
  • generic technologies
  • technology corporation
  • corporation act

  • aircraft engine
  • transnational corporations
  • process design
  • public investment
  • computer printer

  • international directions
  • nationally managed
  • national learning
  • deregulation pratt
  • managed trade

  • universities electrical
  • learning differentials
  • computer science
  • foreign funding
  • government assistance

  • technology department
  • engine development
  • printer manufacturing
  • economic cooperation
  • cultural factors

  • developing countries
  • vertical integration
  • human factors
  • corporations costs
  • managers organization


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