Finding Common Ground U.S. Export Controls in a Changed Global Environment (1991) / Chapter Skim
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3 The Impact of Export Controls on U.S. Industry
3 The Impact of Export Controls on U.S. Industry
Pages 18-25
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From page 18... ...
The export-sensitive, high-technology areas selected-advanced materials and composites, commercial aircraft and jet engines, and computers (both hardware and software) reflect a range of structural features that can alter the way export controls affect competitiveness.
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From page 19... ...
In fact, the major export control problems have involved West-West, rather than East-West, trade. As a result, the costs of export controls in the past have largely derived, not from the loss of specific sales to customers in proscribed countries, but from the loss of sales in nonproscribed countries because of pragmatic concerns by importers in those countries about the unilateral features of U.S.
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From page 20... ...
The Subpanel on Advanced Industrial Materials noted that while U.S. export controls apply only to a limited portion of worldwide trade in advanced materials, their estimated impact on U.S.
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From page 21... ...
A recent Department of Commerce study stated, however, that higt~-performance, advanced materials figure prominently in those emerging technologies with the greatest potential for commercial application and for advancing production and quality levels. ~ Cuts in military spending and the high cost of investment capital, combined with continued export restrictions on advanced materials with high commercial potential, could suffocate the U.S.
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From page 22... ...
Commercial Aircraft and Jet Engines The Subpanel on Commercial Aircraft and Jet Engines found that export controls, and in particular foreign policy controls, have a generally pernicious effect on the export sales of the U.S. commercial aerospace industry.
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To an increasing extent, components are being manufactured all over the world, especially in the newly industrializing countries of the Far East. In the past, when the United States dominated the global computer technology industry, all international computer technology buyers needed U.S.
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East European computer industries are selling their assets to, or establishing joint ventures with, Western companies, and they are expected to produce higher quality computers for Eastem Europe and the Soviet Union. On the other hand, many more channels for the legitimate transfer of Western machines and technology to these countries have been opened (e.g., relaxation of CoCom controls, dissemination of Western computer journals' increased travel by Soviet programmers, and contracting Soviet research institutes or "software cooperatives" to develop software for Western systems)
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From page 25... ...
and multilateral export control processes. In those chapters, as well as in discussions in later chapters on policy processes, the analysis includes consideration of both the concerns of industry and national security issues in balancing the national interest.
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