Fishing Vessel Safety Blueprint for a National Program (1991) / Chapter Skim
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6 SAFETY AND SURVIVAL
6 SAFETY AND SURVIVAL
Pages 119-130
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From page 119... ...
, Canadian Coast Guard (CCG) , Underwriters Laboratories, and survival equipment manufacturers; and regional assessments.
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From page 120... ...
, 1989; NYNEX Information Resources Company, 1989; Texas Shoreline, 1989; Hollin and Middleton, 1989; Sabella, 1986; USCG, 1986b; Shafer and Beemer, 1984; Finley 1982a,b; Johnson, 1982; Myers, 19821. The effectiveness of survival equipment in providing emergency buoyancy, maintaining dry environments, and conserving body heat has been evaluated under controlled conditions (Offshore Research Focus, 1989; Steinman and Kubilis, 1986; Finley, 1982b; Johnson, 1982~.
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From page 121... ...
Manufacturers have incorporated this information into innovative designs for life rafts and protective clothing. EVIDENCE OF SURVIVAL EQUIPMENT INADEQUACIES The Fishermen's Response Some vessel owners, operators, and crewmen, particularly those operating offshore in northern climates, have voluntarily invested in immersion suits and float coats with fixed or inflatable flotation (USCG, 1989b; see Hamilton, 1989; Johnson, 1982~.
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From page 122... ...
: In November 1989, a 72-foot lobster boat equipped with seven immersion suits, a Coast Guard-approved life raft, VHF-FM and HE radios, a cellular telephone, and two emergency position-indicating radio beacons (EPIRBs) was reported overdue from offshore lobstering in Hudson Canyon (southeast of Long Island, New York)
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From page 123... ...
. Frequent problems affecting survival equipment use include inoperable zippers on immersion suits and improperly mounted or inaccessible life rafts (Matsen, 1990; Nixon and Fairfield, 1986; NTSB 1988b, 1989a,b,e; see Alaska Fisherman's Journal, 1989b)
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From page 124... ...
This equipment usually has a single air chamber, may not inflate to minimum Coast Guard standards for commercial use, may not have automatic activation devices to assist someone who is unconscious or disabled, and provides little protection against hypothermia. However, that they do not interfere with mobility is a strong selling point for deck work, and they are designed to be put on quickly in an emergency.
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From page 125... ...
The conversion to the newer EPIRBs is motivated by the unreliability of the older classes of emergency beacons (Embler, undated; Lazarus, 1990b; Lemon, 1990b; The Westcoast Fisherman, 1989a; Pawlowski, 19871. The improved 406-MHz EPIRB is expected to greatly reduce the unresolved alert rate (98 percent of all alerts in 1989, which includes signals from aircraft, were unresolved [Coast Guard data]
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From page 126... ...
Many find it difficult to compare the relative value of equipment similar in appearance and function. Manufacturers and retailers confuse buyers by attaching Coast Guard-approved accessories to nonapproved protective clothing, failing to distinguish recreational and commercially approved devices in their promotional materials, including lifesaving devices approved only for recreational use in industrial catalogs, selling survival equipment not approved by the U.S.
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From page 127... ...
The inherent flotation in most work suits is bulky, and use of work suits containing flotation devices is impractical for the manual work conducted aboard small vessels. Fishermen routinely use rainwear that is practical and convenient, but practical protective clothing that is also convenient to wear and offers full-time lifesaving protection is not widely available on the U.S.
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From page 128... ...
As part of the Canadian mandate to improve fishing vessel safety, the CCG Ship Safety Office is also overseeing development of a prototype coastal life raft especially designed for small fishing vessels. The prototype is still in early stages (see Appendix I)
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From page 129... ...
and the Coast Guard, in consultation with the commercial fishing industry, could jointly develop personal workplace safety equipment suited for the fishing industry. Implementation issues include accepting prototype development as a Coast Guard or OSHA re~nc~n~ihilit`~ Anna funding.
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From page 130... ...
Other nonapproved safety and survival equipment designed for special purposes or convenience of the wearer is available. Equipment not approved by the Coast Guard may be carried aboard uninspected vessels as optional equipment.
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