HIV Screening of Pregnant Women and Newborns (1991) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-8
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Thus, the committee concludes that individuals (or their legally recognized representatives) should have the right to consent to or refuse HIV testing (except when such testing is conducted anonymously for epidemiological purposes)
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This approach provides unbiased epidemiological data for monitoring national and local trends in the distribution of-HIV infection, particularly among childbearing women. These data are also useful in planning and evaluating public health interventions, targeting community outreach and prevention campaigns, and anticipating health care resource needs.
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Therefore, the committee recommends that HIVinfected pregnant women with severely depressed CD4+ cell counts be offered therapy for which they would otherwise be eligible if they were not pregnant The decision to initiate treatment during pregnancy should always be made in concert with the patient, with full disclosure of the associated risks and benefits of therapy. Whether to receive treatment, however, ultimately remains the woman's choice.
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receive no prenatal care or who have not had an opportunity to be tested prior to delivery should be offered HIV testing at the time of labor and delivery or during the postpartum period. Additionally, in areas where prevalence levels may not warrant prenatal screening of all pregnant women at this time, health care providers should continue to offer voluntary HIV testing to pregnant women who have identified risk factors for HIV infection, in accordance with current HIV testing recommendations (e.g., those of the Centers for Disease Control, the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and other such groups)
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· A well-functioning, coordinated voluntary partner notification system should be an integral part of a prenatal HIV screening program and, if not already established, should be developed in parallel with screening. A major benefit to such a system is that it provides another avenue to engage male partners in counseling and educational efforts connected with prenatal screening, as well as an opportunity to refer them for HIV testing and diagnostic evaluation.
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Health care professional societies, training institutions, and public health authorities should cooperate to institute comprehensive HIV education and training, as well as continuing education programs, for the health professions. (Chapter 7)
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Because prenatal HIV screening programs have national relevance and importance, federal support, in the form of additional funds specifically earmarked for evaluation, is needed to ensure careful monitoring and assessment of program effects. (Chapter 7)
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