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HIV Screening of Pregnant Women and Newborns (1991) / Chapter Skim
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6 Formulating Prenatal HIV Screening Policy
Pages 43-48

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From page 43...
... among childbearing women as a useful guide to determining when to institute prenatal screening." The evolution of prenatal HIV screening policy ultimately should be responsive to shifts in the prevalence of infection in this population. There has been considerable discussion in many quarters of the threshold seroprevalence level that should trigger screening.
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From page 44...
... HIV seroprevalence rates among childbearing women and the availability of adequate resources for mounting a prenatal screening program should be considered together. For example, at a particular HIV seroprevalence level, a state could estimate the number of HIV-infected childbearing women in the state, the proportion of these women expected to be identified through prenatal screening, and the approximate counseling and testing costs associated with
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From page 45...
... . In addition to the costs of counseling and testing, a state could examine some of the other costs that might be associated with a screening program~edical monitoring and treatment of individuals identified through the screening program, health care provider and counselor education and training, public education campaigns, laboratory performance evaluation and quality control, and epidemiolog~cal su~eillance and data collection activities.
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From page 46...
... In choosing to execute prenatal HIV screening policy through changes in medical practice gu~delines,3 state public health authorities should include a broad representation of expertise and interests in the guidelines development process for example, representatives from state medical professional societies (particularly obstetrical and pediatric societies) , health facility and hospital administrators, relevant health care practitioners, experts in health law and medical ethics, consumer representatives, and patient advocates.
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From page 47...
... Components of such a campaign might include general information about HIV infection, its modes of transmission, and behavioral risk reduction, and specific details about the proposed prenatal HIV screening program (e.g., the rationale for and importance of the program, plans for its implementation, and its expected impact)
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Key Terms

  • prenatal hiv
  • childbearing women
  • screening policy
  • prenatal screening
  • hiv infection

  • hiv seroprevalence
  • screening program
  • seroprevalence level
  • pregnant women
  • threshold prevalence

  • medical practice
  • seroprevalence rates
  • institute prenatal
  • absolute seroprevalence
  • health authorities

  • implement prenatal
  • care provider
  • committee chose
  • geographic units
  • pediatric societies

  • adequate resources
  • performance evaluation
  • particular hiv
  • aggregate counties
  • broad representation

  • medical ethics
  • implementing prenatal
  • increased understanding
  • formulating hiv
  • committee expects


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