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7 Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance
Pages 183-222

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From page 183... ... Accurate and timely knowledge of local obesity-related conditions and changes or trends over time are essential for planning and managing community obesity prevention initiatives. What: What is a Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance Plan? Read the entire page →
From page 184... ... The Committee deliberately uses community assessments or CAs when referring to this aspect only and uses community assessments and surveil lance or CAS when referring collectively to both aspects. 184 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 185... ... . Community assessment and surveillance may be global 2 Community assessment as defined by this chapter is focused on assessments of obesity prevention efforts. Read the entire page →
From page 186... ... 186 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 187... ... Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 187 Read the entire page →
From page 188... ... CBPR contributes to bringing together 188 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 189... ... Box 7-2 summarizes some key aspects. An example of the application of participatory methods to community obesity assessment and surveillance comes from the work of Faith Leaders for Environmental Justice in New York City (see Box 7-3) Read the entire page →
From page 190... ... . Figure 7-2.eps 2 bitmaps, titles retyped 190 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 191... ... Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 191 Read the entire page →
From page 192... ... 192 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 193... ... : Self-Assessment and Planning Guide -- http://www.cdc.gov /HealthyYouth/SHI • The Community Tool Box -- http://ctb.ku.edu/en/default.aspx State Resources • New York State Department of Health -- http://www.health.ny.gov/statistics/chac • Minnesota Department of Health -- http://www.health.state.mn.us/divs/opi/pm/lphap/cha/howto.html • North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services -- http://publichealth.nc.gov/lhd/cha NOTE: Web addresses accessed November 11, 2013. Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 193 Read the entire page →
From page 194... ... It can provide an overall description of progress in preventing obesity, meet the local hospital's need for a community assessment, identify the prevalence of determinants of obe 194 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 195... ... In addition, data are not consistently available even for large communities over time. The Metropolitan and Micropolitan Statistical Areas, as defined by the Census Bureau, and Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 195 Read the entire page →
From page 196... ... BRFSS can be used to estimate information for large communities Bayesian estimation methods can be used to obtain data for all counties for single years Census Bureau's Fast-food outlet density County and ZIP Code Healthy food outlet density Business Patterns Recreational facility outlet density Decennial Census Adult active transport by walking Includes these variables at census tract and Bicycling by adults block group levels as well as higher levels Demographic dataa School Health Policies Availability of healthy food options in Provides data for selected large districts, and Practices Survey schools schools, and randomly selected classroom Daily school physical education levels Joint/shared use of community facilities National Health Education Standards Nutrition professional development for teachers School Breakfast Program in schools School policies to facilitate access to clean drinking water School recess Sugar-sweetened beverage policies in schools School measurement Obesity (children/adolescents) Availability varies depending on state or of student weights and Overweight (children/adolescents) Read the entire page →
From page 197... ... Although Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 197 Read the entire page →
From page 198... ... SHPPS 198 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 199... ... • Physical activity for older adults • Physical activity programs (adults) • Physical activity requirements for licensed child care • Policies that promote physical activity and the built environment continued Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 199 Read the entire page →
From page 200... ... foods and beverages by Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program participants • Purchase of recommended DGA foods Health care and • Body mass index measurement by physicians worksites • Breastfeeding disparities • Community-based primary prevention nutrition/physical activity–related services • Employee health promotion programs • Employee participation in exercise programs • Employee participation in health promotion programs • Employer lactation support programs • Exclusive breastfeeding • Hospital breastfeeding policies • Insurance incentives for healthy lifestyles • Nutrition/weight/physical activity counseling by physicians • Obesity screening and prevention metrics • Obesity screening and prevention reimbursement strategies • Obesity screening and promotion strategies offered by health plans School environment • Child school dietary intake/solid fats and added sugars • College physical education/nutrition education • Farm-to-school programs • Federal school meal standards • Nutrition standards in child care • Quality physical education policies • Schools providing food and beverages meeting the DGA Other indicators • Norms and attitudes -- beliefs about causes of obesity, appropriate obesity prevention strategies, challenges of the community, awareness of community resources, etc. • Percentage APOP-recommended interventions in place * Read the entire page →
From page 201... ... CDC provides data at its Diabetes Interactive Atlas website, which allows the user to view data and trends for diagnosed diabetes (new and existing cases) , obesity, and leisure-time Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 201 Read the entire page →
From page 202... ... They produce maps of these features, often in collaboration with local health departments. 202 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 203... ... , and physical activity derived from existing data sets and complemented by interviews with county residents. In partnership with the state health department and the University of Washington, Public Health–Seattle & King County is conducting a survey of child care sites to assess implementation of nutrition and physical policies and best practices. Read the entire page →
From page 204... ... 204 TABLE 7-5 Sources of Data from Web-Based Platforms Overarching Physical Activity Environment Food and Beverage Environment Recreational Fast facilities Consumption Grocery/ food Source Leisure Active outlet of fruits and supermarket outlet Local Demo (Latest Year) Obesity Overweight time transport density vegetables density density food graphics Comments American 1-, 3-, or Community • • 5-year Survey estimates, (2011) Read the entire page →
From page 205... ... c Also percentage living without nearby store. SOURCES: CDC, 2013; Census Bureau, 2013a,b; Community Commons, 2013b,c; County Health Rankings, 2013; ERS, 2013; HHS, 2013. Read the entire page →
From page 206... ... . 206 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 207... ... . Qualitative data can enhance CAS by capturing information that is difficult to obtain through quantitative methods such as community assets for obesity prevention, attitudes and beliefs, and leadership and social and political capital to create change (Work Group for Community Health and Development and University of Kansas, 2013b) Read the entire page →
From page 208... ... . Small-area analysis includes mapping the prevalence of obesity 208 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 209... ... Applying qualitative methods to evaluate and monitor policy and environmental approaches at a population level has been underutilized in obesity prevention research. However, researchers have offered guidance in its application to environmental and policy interventions (case studies: Mitchell and Bernauer, 1998; surveys: Brownson et al., 2000; general use: Beierle, Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 209 Read the entire page →
From page 210... ... National benchmarks for obesity prevention are included in Healthy People 2020 (HHS, 2010) , and many state health departments pro duce state obesity goals.13 Peer comparisons are available for counties at the County Health Indicators 13 National and state goals can be adjusted for local use using simple methods such as applying the fractional change of these benchmarks to local baseline data. Read the entire page →
From page 211... ... . The ability to create compelling graphics, including charts and maps, has increased dramatically Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 211 Read the entire page →
From page 212... ... . 212 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 213... ... Hosting community meetings to discuss and make sense of the data can engage residents in devising and implementing interventions and can build support for obesity prevention. Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 213 Read the entire page →
From page 214... ... Other important findings include the following: • There is a lack of a common set of indicators to allow cross-community comparisons and aggregation; • Engaging stakeholders/community in assessment process is valuable; • Capacity to develop assessments varies widely across communities; and 214 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 215... ... . i These are goal areas identified in the Accelerating Progress in Obesity Prevention report (IOM, 2012a) Read the entire page →
From page 216... ... . 216 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 217... ... . Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 217 Read the entire page →
From page 218... ... :602-611. 218 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 219... ... . Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 219 Read the entire page →
From page 220... ... Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. 220 Evaluating Obesity Prevention Efforts Read the entire page →
From page 221... ... Preventing Chronic Disease 10:E68. Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance 221 Read the entire page →

From page 183...

... Accurate and timely knowledge of local obesity-related conditions and changes or trends over time are essential for planning and managing community obesity prevention initiatives. What: What is a Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance Plan?

7 Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance Pages 183-222

7 Community Obesity Assessment and Surveillance
Pages 183-222