Novel Processes for Advanced Manufacturing Summary of a Workshop (2013) / Chapter Skim
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3 Electromagnetic Field Manipulation of Properties - Session Summary
3 Electromagnetic Field Manipulation of Properties - Session Summary
Pages 25-38
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From page 25... ...
can improve the performance of materials. The approach used at ORNL couples induction heating within a superconducting magnet, with H&TMP for rapid throughput, part-by-part heat treatment processing.
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From page 26... ...
Dr. Ludtka then went on to describe numerous material properties that strong magnetic fields affect, including these: • Phase stability; • Diffusion barriers; • Dislocation cores; • Fault energies; • Phonons and magnons; • Kinetics, by raising temperatures and by affecting the critical stable nucleus for precipitate formation; and • Catalysis and synthesis, by affecting activation energy barriers.
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From page 27... ...
The goal of this project is to develop processing technologies for rare-earth-element-free superconductors using high magnetic fields to increase the critical current density by two orders of magnitude while also improving mate rial strength by 30 percent over conventionally processed material. The approach incorporates H&TMP techniques along with carbon nanomaterials and powder metallurgy processing to develop the superconductor.
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From page 28... ...
The third example was polymeric and organic materials, where magnetic fields have the potential to impact the orientation of polymeric and organic materials.1 Dr. Ludtka spent some time discussing the benefits of magnetoplasticity and the reduction of residual stress.
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The government of China hired Bruce Brandt, former director of the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory DC Magnet User Program, to help build a high-magnetic-field facility in China. In general, China lags about 5 years behind the United States in developing high-magnetic-field processing.
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Materials Processing at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Gregory Boebinger, Director, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, and Ke Han, Scholar/Scientist, National High Magnetic Field Laboratory Dr. Boebinger began the presentation by describing the National High Mag netic Field Laboratory (MagLab)
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From page 31... ...
can be processed in high-pressure oxygen, eliminating the formation of voids that plagued earlier round wire and allowing for the material to be used for magnet production with a high magnetic field strength.
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Dr. Han included several examples where magnetic fields were used to alter material properties.
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The high magnetic field introduces texture and affects the phase transition behavior. Different annealing temperatures provide different critical magnetic fields and energy products, and an optimal annealing temperature can be selected to give the largest increase in energy product.
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A FAST system uses conductive graphite tooling typically having a cylindrical shape. Metallic or ceramic powder goes in as loose powder or as a preconsolidated form, and energy is applied.
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FAST techniques offer a number of distinct advantages compared to hot pressing, including shorter sintering times and lower temperatures, increased production rates, and lower energy costs. They also have shorter processing cycles and are easy to use.
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In collaboration with Zhifeng Ren and his group at Boston College, Mr. Dowding and his group have modified carbon nanotubes with boron carbide and added them to boron carbide powder prior to FAST processing.
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DOD would want to push the envelope for performance and therefore might be more interested in the high-temperature superconducting magnet technologies.
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From page 38... ...
A participant noted that aside from defense applications, there are applications in building and architecture where aligning crystals in a particular way would give a strong elastic modulus longitudinally, potentially enabling novel construction ideas. Someone asked if there are any synergies between additive manufacturing and electromagnetic field manipulation.
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