Opportunities and Priorities in Arctic Geoscience (1991) / Chapter Skim
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3 Role of the Arctic in Global Solid-Earth Geoscience
3 Role of the Arctic in Global Solid-Earth Geoscience
Pages 9-13
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From page 9... ...
The geometry and timing of the closure are uncertain. Shallow seaways connected the Arctic Ocean Basin with the ancestral Gulf of Mexico in Late Jurassic and Cretaceous time, with the North Pacific until Albian time, and with the Tethyan realm in Late Jurassic to Paleogene time.
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From page 10... ...
Rifting progressively separated Greenland and Eurasia from North America and then in Paleocene time split Greenland from Europe. Paleocene rifting along the Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge also initiated separation of the Lomonosov Ridge from the Barents Shelf to create the proto-Eurasia Basin and a shallow seaway between the
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From page 11... ...
They include the cluster of giant and supergiant oil and gas fields on the North Slope and Beaufort Shelf near Prudhoe Bay, Alaska; probable supergiant gas fields in the southeastern Barents and southern Kara Seas; and large deposits of bituminous coal beneath the eastern Chukchi Shelf. A comprehensive understanding of the plate tectonic history and kinematics of the Arctic would provide important background to the search for additional deposits on arctic continental shelves and coastal plains.
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From page 12... ...
The utility of arctic stratigraphy for understanding modern changes and predicting future changes in world climate and sea level is greatest in the Neogene and Quaternary marine record. This record, especially if correlated with that in arctic ice caps and nonmarine sediments, can provide a detailed history of Late Cenozoic climate, oceanography, glaciation, and sea ice in the Arctic.
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From page 13... ...
Examples include the character and volume of elastic and organic sediment incorporated in sea ice and the mechanisms by which this sediment is entrained and expelled from the sea ice to rain on the seabed, minerals that record ancient physical conditions in marine sediments, and organic compounds in fossil organisms that record ancient oceanographic conditions. This understanding would be most useful when applied to the Late Neogene and Quaternary stratigraphic record in the Arctic, which was affected by periodic episodes of continental glaciation and perennial sea ice.
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