New York's Nanotechnology Model Building the Innovation Economy: Summary of a Symposium (2013) / Chapter Skim
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I--OVERVIEW
I--OVERVIEW
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semiconductor industry; GlobalFoundries, one of the world's largest and newest semiconductor production facilities; and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) , the country's oldest technological research institute.
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Joseph Henry, regarded by many as the foremost American scientist of the 19th century, built the first electric motor while teaching at Albany Academy; the corporate headquarters of General Electric has long been located in nearby Schenectady; and Erastus Corning 2nd, member of the famed Corning glass company, was Albany's longest-serving mayor, 1942 to 1983. "This was the cradle of the industrial revolution," observed Rex Smith, editor of the Albany Times-Union and moderator of the conference panel on the New York Nanotechnology Cluster.
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It operates 800,000 square feet of facilities space which will be augmented by another 500,000 square feet: Table 1 lists these and other major milestones in the development of the nanotechnology cluster in the New York Capital Region. It shows that the public
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2004 College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering established, awarded first Ph.D. 2005 ASML established research center for next generation 400 lithography 2005 Multi-partner Center for Semiconductor Research was 500 established to improve next generation chip design, demonstration, and testing.
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New York State Newspapers.
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In September 2005, IBM and Applied Materials committed to joint new investments of $300 million in nanotechnology research in the Albany area.5 In 2008, IBM concluded a $1.6 billion deal with New York State that included establishment of a 120,000 square foot, 675-employee, R&D center dedicated to semiconductor packaging technology that would be owned and operated by CNSE.6 In 2010, SEMATECH indicated it would move most of its remaining workers from its base in Austin, Texas, to Albany or replace them with new hires.7 4 Laura I Schultz, "Nanotechnology's triple helix: a case study of the University at Albany's College of Nanoscale Science and Engineering," Journal of Technology Transfer 36(5)
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sector, led by then-Governor Mario Cuomo and State Assembly Speaker Sheldon Silver." The original investments led to development of CNSE, and under Governor George Pataki and State Senate Majority Leader Joseph Bruno. Subsequent investments grew into the "richest public-private partnership in history" to bring in a big semiconductor fabrication facility.
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The state invested $35 million to support the Interconnect Focus Center for Hyper-Integration, concentrating on nano-scale interconnect technology, a project co-funded by DARPA and the Microelectronics Advanced Research Corporation (MARCO)
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Many other regions have also begun to build new clusters, including northeast Ohio, Arkansas, Hawaii, and Evanston, Illinois.a All emphasize strong leadership, shared investments in infrastructure, supply chain growth, public-private partnerships, and links with national research laboratories or other assets. The principle drivers of these clusters, as described by RPI President Shirley Ann Jackson, have been innovation, trained people, and financial capital.
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export sectors. According to Ken Adams of the Empire State Development Corporation, the industry shipped over $110 billion worth of products in 2010, and employed almost 200,000 people.
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In her conference keynote, RPI President Shirley Ann Jackson observed that, "Scientific discoveries and technological innovations all rest on strong collaborations among academia, government, and industry. And all three legs are closely linked: The higher education institutions and their globally competitive research; the state government and its agencies; and the investments of private industry.
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Industry partners include Applied Materials, Freescale, GLOBALFOUNDRIES, IBM, Intel, Micron Technology, Novellus Systems, Raytheon, Texas Instruments, United Technologies and Xilinx." Semiconductor Industry Association, "The Focus Center Research Program, A Public-Private Partnership," July 2012. Access at |
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With the Global 450 Consortia announcement in September 2011, New York State put up $400 million as an opening contribution, and was rewarded by $4.4 billion in pledges from IBM, Intel, TSMC, Global Foundries, and Samsung. In addition, Intel announced that it would establish its East Coast headquarters in Albany to manage its 450mm development.
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"By leveraging its partnerships with business and government, CNSE supports the acceleration of workforce training and commercialization leading to job creation and economic growth." At the center of the CNSE-SUNY paradigm is the presence of industry partners co-located on campus, and the installation of expensive infrastructure that attracts companies and enables an open innovation ecosystem. To help launch and develop spinoffs that form on the site, CNSE maintains a business incubator, with the support of the New York State Energy Research and Development Authority (NYSERDA)
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In addition to CNSE, semiconductor and other high tech companies locating in the Albany area have benefitted from the presence of the nation's oldest technical university, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (RPI) in nearby Troy, New York.12 In her conference keynote address RPI's President, Shirley Ann Jackson, emphasizes that the institution's core mission is the preparation of students for careers in the sciences and engineering.
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Finally, she said, the Rensselaer Interconnect Focus Center, also supported by Empire State Development, works collaboratively with universities and businesses globally to increase the power and speed of computer chips at the heart of the nanoelectronics revolution. SUSTAINED SUPPORT FROM THE STATE GOVERNMENT In his conference keynote, U.S.
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Over the years it has invested approximately $1.3 billion in this sector, beginning with $150 million in the Nanotechnology Center of Excellence, $100M to specific companies several years ago, help for Tokyo Electron's R&D program, $75 million for the state-of-the-art 300mm wafer clean room, and $20 million to help relocate SEMATECH from Austin, "which was huge news in 2011. When you bring the leading industry research consortium here, with its 100 or so high-tech jobs, it says something about our global position." The Empire State Development Corporation, he said, had found that state incentives could not only attract private industry to the region, but also that they could incentivize multiple investments after they arrived.
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17 The Center for Economic Growth website notes that "CEG receives funding and resources from Empire State Development's Division of Science, Technology and Innovation, which works to facilitate the integration of innovation and technology throughout New York's economic development efforts, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) / Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP)
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Through NY Loves Nanotech, the region and the state have developed key industry relationships and have raised global awareness about New York's commitment to growing a vibrant nanotechnology cluster and ecosystem that could and would compete globally for investment. NY Loves Nanotech now involves participation from academic, industry and economic development partners and regions across Upstate New York, consistent with Governor Andrew Cuomo's strategy of leveraging key state investments to bring technology-driven companies and employment across the entire Interstate 90 corridor in New York State.
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Jackson. As noted above, speakers such as Gary Patton of IBM, Dan Armbrust of SEMATECH and Mike Russo of GLOBALFOUNDRIES described the scope of the private sector contributions to the economic revival of the New York Capital District.
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to integrate the technical capabilities of the companies to develop lithography, a project dubbed INVENT. In September 2005, IBM and Applied Materials committed to joint new investments of $300 million in nanotechnology research in the Albany area.21 GLOBALFOUNDRIES announced plans to build a $3.2 billion semiconductor wafer fabrication plant in Malta, NY in 2006, the culmination of over eight years of talks between the company and state economic development officials.22 In 2008, IBM concluded a $1.6 billion deal with New York State that included establishment of a 120,000 square foot, 675-employee, and an R&D center 19 Significantly, the state's funding of nanotechnology research at the University at Albany enjoyed bipartisan support.
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As Dan Armbrust noted in his presentation, SEMATECH was part of a multi-pronged response, coordinating pre-competitive research through Semiconductor Research Corporation, manufacturing through SEMATECH, and cooperating on an innovative trade policy with the U.S. Government.25 Designed as a public-private partnership and funded jointly by the Department of Defense and the semiconductor industry, SEMATECH is widely credited with helping the U.S.
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At the conference, Mike Russo described the 26 Dan Armbrust, "New York's Nanotechnology Model," April 4, 2013, symposium presentation.
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This geographic dispersal reduces the vulnerability of semiconductor production facilities to disruptions caused by natural disasters. This is especially true for semiconductors, most of which have been produced in the "ring of fire," 27 Mike Russo, "New York's Nanotechnology Model," April 4, 2013, symposium presentation.
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We're very proud that we've been able to reach an agreement on the original project which has amounted to the largest private labor agreement in the history of this country." STRENGTHENING EDUCATION AND WORKFORCE TRAINING Several speakers noted that strengthening the Capital Region's hightechnology labor force is essential to sustain the development of the Albany 29 For example, the Tohoku earthquake and tsunami disrupted Japanese semiconductor production in 2010.
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Today, with a new fab costing as much as $10 billion, a new industry structure has emerged that features many more fab-less semiconductor firms and "fab-lite" firms, which focus on design and stand-alone fabs, or foundries, which focus on manufacturing and other links in supply chain. In his conference presentation, SEMATECH's Dan Armbrust noted that this fab-lite structure answers the challenge of production, but renders other functions along the supply chain too costly for many firms.
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Matonak's comments were welcomed by Ajit Manocha, CEO of GLOBALFOUNDRIES, who called HVCC "a great partner and ally of Global Foundries" and praised it for "bringing the education, infrastructure, and research to prepare people for the countless jobs that Global Foundries is creating." GLOBALFOUNDRIES' Mike Russo also drew attention to a significant new worker retraining program, the Tech Valley Connection for Education and Job. The program, which helps train and retrain workers through the community colleges in a 13-county area, was initiated by the Center for Economic Growth, in partnership with SUNY.
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Our workforce, our schools, and our colleges, especially our community colleges, are key ingredients to the success that we now taste." SUSTAINING THE ALBANY MODEL If there is an "Albany model" for building an innovation cluster, one key feature might be the strength of each of the three legs of its three-legged stool as referred to by RPI President Shirley Ann Jackson. Another would be the large number of participants.
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RPI's Jonathan Dordick, further warned that the industry's dominant presence in and around Albany NanoTech may give industry too much power in determining the curricular and research agendas of academic institutions, and may skew activities toward short-term needs instead of the long-term basic knowledge that must guide the industry in the future. Other participants, including CEG's Michael Tucker and Empire State Development Corporation's Ken Adams, noted the relatively small number of start-ups that have so far been generated around Albany, the insufficient pool of workers trained for high-technology jobs, and the scarcity of venture capital.30 Supporting Start-ups Even so, a number of conference participants spoke with optimism about the future of the Capital Region.
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"This is something we recognized all the way back in 1990," he said, "when we started our first technology alliance with Siemens in East Fishkill. Eventually Toshiba joined us, and the partnership migrated into our logic alliance and then our partnerships in Albany, where it has spawned other collaborations.
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"The goal of the Global 450 Consortium is to support the industry transition from 300mm wafer to 450mm wafer production. The consortium will leverage industry and government investments, and the state-of-the-art infrastructure at CNSE's NanoTech Complex to demonstrate and deploy 450mm wafer tools and process capabilities."a Describing New York State's participation in this consortium, Darren Suarez noted that grants are provided directly to CNSE to build the needed infrastructure.
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They're where the semiconductor industry was in the mid-1980s, when those companies came together and said, ‘You know this is nuts. There are too many paths to pursue, and we can't each do it on our own.' The industry came together and formed a vision and a roadmap of shared challenges.
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You'll have your own drug within a day." Adapting the Semiconductor Research Model for Pharma Brian Toohey of the Semiconductor Industry Association addressed the same question: Can a collaborative research model be built for the pharma industry that is similar to those emerging in nanotech, semiconductors, and biotechnology? "The short answer," he said, "is yes." Evidence emerges from recent activities, he said, "such as the use of semiconductors in non-invasive instruments or small inserted devices." He cited breakthroughs already achieved through collaborations, including the first chemical synthesis of polio virus, chip-based high-throughput DNA synthesis, MEMS DNA synthesis, DNA 35 Phillip A
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That can be our future." IN CLOSING This conference report provides a first-hand account of New York state's two-decade long effort to transform its Capital Region into a leading center of nanotechnology research and production. It highlights the large-scale investments in university research infrastructure and the collaborative arrangements with the private sector and regional development organizations that have altered the competitive landscape in the semiconductor industry and built a sustainable basis for the region's economic growth.
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