High Performance Synthetic Fibers for Composites (1992) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations
Executive Summary, Conclusions, and Recommendations
Pages 1-8
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organic or inorganic fibers are embedded in a variety of matrices polymer, ceramic, or metallic - to produce lightweight products with structural properties vastly superior to those of the separate components. Because of their low density and high strength or modulus, advanced composites have become critical components for modern aircraft and aerospace vehicles, and they play an essential role in assuring U.S.
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Because advanced fibers are of such long-term importance to our national security and economy, they require long-range programs to develop sound technical principles and continuing substantive technical progress. However, some of the federal government's major systems development programs, whose ultimate success depends on advanced composites, are attempting to schedule the creation and optimization of advanced fibers on an inappropriate engineering time schedule.
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Effort should be directed toward large potential applications for high-performance fibers for which the highest attainable mechanical properties and temperature resistance are not essential and can be traded off for lower-cost products and/or products that exploit other useful physical and chemical properties. This effort justifies consideration of R&D directed toward achieving lower manufacturing costs for high-performance fibers for both government and commercial purposes.
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As a result, substantial foreign capital has been invested in the United States, and there is potential for significant technology exchange on product and process development. This trend is expected to continue well into the twenty- first century.
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The objective should be to develop a selection of several highperformance ceramic fiber choices. Attractive oxide possibilities include yttrium aluminum garnet, spinets, and zirconates, as well as single-crystal mullite and alumina.
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~ Since it is highly improbable that C-C composites can be made oxidation resistant for long-life applications, coatings will be needed to decrease the oxidation rate of carbon fibers at high temperatures by allowing a gradual degradation in the performance of the composite system instead of a catastrophic failure from a surface breech. Increased oxidation resistance of carbon fibers also would improve performance in existing single-cycle shorttime applications where ablation and/or erosion occurs, as well as for lowearth-orbit spacecraft applications, where atomic oxygen resistance of C-C composites is required.
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Advanced polymeric matrix composite (PMC) materials are state-of-the-art structural materials that have many other potential applications in addition to aerospace.
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