Medically Assisted Conception An Agenda for Research : Report of a Study (1989) / Chapter Skim
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IN VITRO FERTILIZATION AND EMBRYO TRANSFER AND SOCIAL CONCERNS
IN VITRO FERTILIZATION AND EMBRYO TRANSFER AND SOCIAL CONCERNS
Pages 15-24
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From page 15... ...
Just as the findings of scientists pursuing answers to basic sci questions often contribute in unexpected ways, the work of those pushing the frontiers of medically assisted conception has applications beyond the limited number of couples with infertility problems who can benefit directly. There are expectations that, in the future, the work being done to improve the practice of in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IWET)
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From page 16... ...
Equally telling are the lengths to which individuals will go in attempting to conceive. The many months spent undergoing diagnostic procedures can be followed by additional efforts of drug therapy, surgery, and finally the physical, financial, and psychological stress of IVFET.
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From page 17... ...
. Treatments for Infertility Infertility can be treated in a variety of ways, including ensuring that the infertile couple know how to pinpoint the time of ovulation, eliminating causes of infertility such as infectious diseases or endometriosis, evaluating sperm seminal fluid, using fertility drugs to induce ovulation, performing surgical repair procedures in the male or female, and employing artificial insemination.
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From page 18... ...
Sometimes oocytes can be obtained during a natural cycle of a woman by determining the of the marked increase in the luteinizing hormone level in the blood, which precedes ovulation by about 1 1/2 days. Using a natural cycle, however, frequent blood samples must be analyzed to exactly pinpoint the increase in this hormone level.
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From page 19... ...
Sometimes the donation of spermatozoa, eggs, or in some cases fertilized zygotes, are necessary. Excess eggs collected from one female donor patient undergoing IVFET can be fertilized and implanted in a recipient uterus which has been synchronized with the donor's cycle.
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From page 20... ...
. By 1985, assisted conception was the norm in dairy cows, with 70 percent fertilized by artificial insemination; 100,000 embryo transfers were performed in the United States in 1984, and 200,000 worldwide, of which 25 percent were with frozen embryos.
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From page 21... ...
However, as zoos henme the last repository for some endangered species, and as genetic diversity is lost because of inbreeding, maintaining diversity has henntie an important goal. Thus, the development of reproductive technologies that can be used for endangered exotic species takes on a new urgency as it is increasingly realized that captive breeding programs can prevent extinction (Dresser, 1988)
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From page 22... ...
With a limited number of available animals it will become increasingly important to maximize the reproductive capabilities of the 350 chimpanzees that have been set aside for breeding in government facilities.
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From page 23... ...
1988. Gene Expression in Early Embryonic Development Paper Presented at the Institute of Medicine, Board on Agriculture, Workshop on the Basic Science Foundations of Medically Assisted Conception, Irvine, California, August.
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From page 24... ...
In Vitro Fertilization, Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer, and Donated Gametes and Embryos. New England Journal of Medicine.
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