Interim Report of a Review of the Next Generation Air Transportation System Enterprise Architecture, Software, Safety, and Human Factors (2014) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
3 Emerging Topics of Focus and Concern
3 Emerging Topics of Focus and Concern
Pages 9-18
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From page 9... ...
the overarching vision for the Next Generation Air Transportation System (NextGen)
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From page 10... ...
The committee interprets this use of the term "enterprise architecture" to mean the Office of Management and Budget requirement that every government agency have an enterprise architecture designed to "promote mission success by serving as an authoritative reference, and by promoting functional integration and resource optimization with both internal and external service partners."1 The enterprise architecture is thus focused on business structures and processes, 1 See Office of Management and Budget, The Common Approach to Federal Enterprise Architecture, Washington, D.C., May 2012, available at http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/omb/assets/egov_docs/common_approach_to_federal_ ea.pdf. The term "enterprise architecture" does not have a single definition and is used by others outside the federal context with slightly different meaning.
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From page 11... ...
. 2 Mike Hritz, Role of Enterprise Architecture NextGen, Briefing to the Committee Review the Enterprise Architecture, Software Development Approach, and Safety and Human Factor Design of the Next Generation Air Transportation System, March 2013.
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From page 12... ...
Historically, the trade-offs captured in requirements elicitation, specification, and architecture have proven to be strong indicators of success in reducing risks and uncertainties, especially in larger, more complex software systems such as those being developed for NextGen. The committee is particularly interested in quantified measures and expert engineering judgments of software change costs (e.g., requirement change, design change, code change, regression test cycle, bug fix, build time, or others)
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From page 13... ...
In order to understand the basis for the safety objectives for NextGen, the committee is interested in learning more about the following: the safety objective defined for the current ATC system, the current mechanism for safety assessment for the NAS, the status of assessed safety metrics in the NAS, and how current safety assessment mechanisms and procedures might change as NextGen capabilities continue to be put in place. Safety is not a system property that can be added after basic functionality has been addressed.
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From page 14... ...
A large cadre of controllers will be retiring soon, so the committee is interested in understanding what measures are being taken to analyze the job skills required for ensuring that new controllers understand and make use of the computer-based systems being introduced in NextGen. Because human performance capabilities and risks are difficult to quantify in engineering terms sufficient to specify requirements, human factor aspects of new system designs must be evaluated by means of human-in-the-loop simulations (HITLSs)
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From page 15... ...
7 Additional challenges include managing differences between see-and-avoid capability (the capability traditionally provided by human pilots) and sense-and-avoid operation; autonomous operation of UAS, either as part of a mission profile or as a result of the loss of a command link; and ensuring efficient communication with the UAS crew.
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It takes significant time and effort to achieve international agreement and standardization before any changes can be made to the allocation of the spectrum. Aircraft equipage considerations require standardization and implementation to be coordinated worldwide; otherwise, international flights would be required to carry multiple sets of equipment for different parts of the world.
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From page 17... ...
A final report, with the committee's findings and recommendations, is anticipated in 2014. In that report, although it will not necessarily address each of the questions raised here in this preliminary snapshot, the committee expects to say more about each of the above topics.
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