Toward the Prevention of Alcohol Problems Government, Business, and Community Action (1984) / Chapter Skim
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ENGAGING THE BUSINESS SECTOR
ENGAGING THE BUSINESS SECTOR
Pages 57-78
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From page 57... ...
regulation of the supply of alcohol; (2) legal, educational, training, and mass media interventions aimed at changing harmful consumer drinking practices; and (3)
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From page 58... ...
It is possible but as yet hypothetical that the cumulative effect of a number of changes in these areas of regulation has been substantial. Server intervention programs provide a case study on the need for a comprehensive approach to supply-oriented prevention programming, one that encompasses several complementary intervention strategies.
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From page 59... ...
It is not discussed here, as it does not represent a central aspect of server intervention programs. The training component consists of educational programs directed at those who serve alcoholic beverages (either commercial servers or social hosts)
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From page 60... ...
Other programs exist in numerous sites, most of which rely primarily on a training or educational curriculum aimed at servers. For example, the New York State Division of Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse is conducting educational seminars for commercial servers in cooperation with the New York State Restaurant Association; Mothers Against Drunk Drivers has instituted a similar seminar series in California, as has the Health Education Foundation in Washington, D.C.
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From page 61... ...
Mosher and Wallack offered several recommendations, including integrating more effectively the enforcement and other legal aspects of the program, redesigning the training sessions, and conducting followups. Despite its weaknesses, the DUI project offers an interesting and important first step in developing server intervention programs.
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From page 62... ...
First, most existing programs emphasize voluntary training of commercial servers without regard to environmental factors affecting server practices. For example, none of the programs provides any assessment of outlet design on servers' practices and patrons' drinking patterns.
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From page 63... ...
ABC codes establish the basic guidelines for server practices and license location and can, in conjunction with local regulations, provide a basis for implementing both the training and environmental aspects of a server intervention program. In addition to requiring server training, ABC codes should set standards for server and management practices that complement the training materials and should incorporate preventive environmental standards.
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From page 64... ...
The role of the dram shop liability statutes and court case decisions, additional legal levers for implementing server intervention programs, has also been ignored. Commercial servers in more than 25 states may be held civilly liable for injuries caused by their intoxicated patrons (see Mosher, 1979, for a review)
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From page 65... ...
There are several reasons for such a priority. First, most dram shop laws and ABC regulations are themselves limited to licensed vendors and are not applicable to social hosts and other noncommercial servers.
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From page 66... ...
Commercial establishments offer good settings for the conduct of research and evaluations; once particular commercial interventions are identified as effective, one can begin designing interventions for noncommercial settings, thus creating a ripple effect. Legal Research For server intervention programs to be effective, they need a comprehensive legal component.
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From page 67... ...
, needs to take the lead in this process, providing financial resources for the necessary research and evaluation studies, offering technical assistance to interested groups, acting as an information clearinghouse, and ensuring that duplication of effort is minimized. Server intervention programs offer strong support for two of the panel's major conclusions -- that control of the supply of alcoholic beverages is one viable strategy for preventing drinking problems, and that comprehensive programs encompassing a variety of interventions are needed.
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From page 68... ...
We cannot attract people to this field with the monies that can be paid. The approach we have to take is to support good practice in the industry that supplies, wholesales, and serves alcoholic beverages.
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From page 69... ...
Many restaurants would not be able to offer employment to as many waiters and waitresses if they did not serve alcoholic beverages: the sale of alcoholic beverages can be a high gross-profit item, which can absorb the costs of serving food and providing an enjoyable atmosphere. It is also important to tourism; in addition, many people in New Jersey are employed in the glass bottle industry, on which the alcohol beverage industry depends.
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From page 70... ...
The blood alcohol level at which people feel the effects of alcoholic beverages varies, and the tolerance of alcoholics is generally much higher than that of nondrinkers or occasional social drinkers. This is also why we do not condone the practice of supplying more than one drink at a time.
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From page 71... ...
I think there is an interest on the part of licensees who are serious about their business and have some stake in learning what they can do to avoid problems. Licensees are keenly aware of these problems, especially if they are subject to dram shop liability.
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From page 72... ...
COMMENTS ON THE INTERSECTION OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTORS HENRY KING, United States Brewers Association There is a restaurant in Washington named Mel Krupin's, a famous political and press hangout, which will not permit patrons to get intoxicated. They know how much you drink and they just stop you.
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From page 73... ...
SHEILA BLUME, National Council on Alcoholism In New York State, the Division of Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse has started a pilot program of bartender and server training. The division's executive deputy, counsel, and executive assistant met with the restaurant owners' representatives, who identified escalating liability insurance as one of their biggest problems.
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From page 74... ...
GEORGE HACKER, Center for Science in the Public Interest What is the relative amount of drinking that occurs at home or in private settings versus the amount that occurs at public gatherings like sports events or in public taverns and restaurants, where professional servers control the situation? To the extent that we develop policies aimed at limiting excessive drinking in public settings, do we run the risk of ignoring the broader prevention policies that will affect people who drink in their own homes and other private settings?
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From page 75... ...
JAMES F MOSHER, Medical Research Institute of San Francisco Even though most of the beer -- in fact most of the alcohol in all forms -- is consumed beyond the purview of professional servers, a program or policy to change servers' behavior is an important general preventive measure for two reasons: the proportion of drinking overseen, while not the majority in terms of volume, is quite substantial; and serving practices in private settings will inevitably be affected both by the public example of concern set by new professional practices and by the diffusion of experience gained by employees, trainers, and researchers into the common body of knowledge and custom.
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From page 76... ...
ALFRED MCALISTER, University of Texas Health Sciences Center Historically in the field of public health, huge political battles were fought before sanitary reform was accomplished. It was finally achieved when large industrialists realized that in order to concentrate a productive labor force in a city, people had to be provided with clean water.
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From page 77... ...
BEN MASON, Adolph Coors Company Many of the beverage manufacturers have established wellness clinics for their employees, are very aggressively pursuing the participation of employees in educational and training sessions, and are working to develop cost-effectiveness data. These positive contributions to health promotion are an important commitment on the part of these firms, and I think that it is good to take note of it.
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From page 78... ...
78 PREVENTION OF ALCOHOL PROBLEMS purposes that are consistent across these levels. Too much comes out in the form, "It is this or that" and not enough in the form, "It is all of these things, and each has to be developed and constructed in relation to the development and construction of the others." A single program in and of itself may not make a detectable difference, but in relation to other strategies, both individual and aggregate, every individual effort may in fact serve a very important function.
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