Pest Control and Wildlife Relationships (1961) / Chapter Skim
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Wildlife - Pesticides Research Needs
Wildlife - Pesticides Research Needs
Pages 19-27
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From page 19... ...
The spectacular kills of birds and mammals, which are reported from time to time in the newspapers and more often in technical journals, are often accidental, but the end result to the animals involved is the same and such events occur frequently enough to cause serious concern among those who are interested in perpetuating the fauna of North America. Some of these wholesale kills involve the collision of migrating birds with aircraft navigation beacons; others involve the entrapment of sea birds in oil discharge by ships at sea; and still others are the result of poisoning from ingesting chemical pollutants in watercourses.
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From page 20... ...
In some instances sufficient amounts of the chemical have been found stored in the bodies of earthworms to kill any bird that ate them, a full year after the spraying of the area. Another indirect effect that is just coming to focus involves the woodcock, an important migratory game bird that winters in the southern part of the United States, where they have been using heptachlor extensively in insect control.
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From page 21... ...
Many feel that if the recommendations call for a pound of the substance to give effective insect control over an acre, five pounds should be five times as effective. I have personally seen and have had reported to me by competent biologists amazing examples of carelessness and of complete violation of the instructions for the use of toxic pesticides.
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From page 22... ...
The pesticides of greatest concern to biologists are the newer chlorinated hydrocarbons, which are relatively stable and retain their toxicity much longer than any family of chemicals previously used for this purpose. The secondary effects of these are of greater concern to the biologist than the occasional spectacular kills of local wildlife populations that are reported in newspaper items.
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From page 23... ...
The most spectacular kills of wildlife through the application or misapplication of pesticides usually occur on such areas. In New Brunswick where a standard application of DDT was applied for spruce budworm control on the headwaters of the Miramichi River, a team of Canadian fishery biologists working in the area was able to observe and evaluate the effects upon the salmon.
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From page 24... ...
Additional research may find the answer to this problem. The Florida salt-water marsh mosquito control program is highly significant to biologists since the estuarine waters affected are the breeding grounds of our most valuable food and game fishes.
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From page 25... ...
We also ask that more attention be given by federal and state authorities concerned with pest control in developing methods that will be less hazardous to beneficial forms of life. When the chemists produce a product that is specific for individual pest species, as they have already done with the sea lamprey, they will find the wildlife biologists leading the applause.
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From page 27... ...
They include representatives nominated by the major scientific and technical societies, representatives of the Federal Government and a number of member s-at-large. More than 3000 of the foremost scientists of the country cooperate in the work of the Academy-Research Council through service on its many boards and committees in the various fields of the natural sciences, including physics, astronomy, mathematics, chemistry, geology, engineering, biology, agriculture, the medical sciences, psychology, and anthropology.
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