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Radioactivity in the Marine Environment (1971) / Chapter Skim
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INDEX
Pages 263-273

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From page 263...
... Asia, 257 Atlantic Ocean coastal waters, 245 Edible marine products effects, 246 Gulf of Mexico, 245 Sea operations, 245 Solids, 257 Study programs, 248 United Kingdom, 257 Windscale, 253 Worldwide operations, 248 Radioactive wastes Harbor dredging, 242 Radioactivity Acceptable to man, 248 Accidents, 241 Commercial fisheries problems, 242 Concentration in seawater, 248 Discharges in sand, 156 Fission-product, 6 Future sources, 6 In fish, 38 Marine environment, 204 Zirconium-95/Niobium-95 ratio, 204 Isotopic dilution, 249 Natural, 7 Ocean, 137 Residence times, 120 Scavenging, 22 Sewage treatment plants, 38 Undersaturation, 138 Radioactivity-recreation problems, 242 Radiocarbon in Pacific Ocean Deep water, 74 Downward mixing tracers, 74 Seasonal characteristics, 75 Surface water, 74 Vertical profiles, 74 Radiochemical analysis Baltic Sea, 71 Black Sea, 71 Box models, 119 Oceans, 119 Radioecology, 200 Marine environment, 200 Radioisotopes Biological concentration factors, 205 Diffusion processes, 38 Encapsulated, 7 Mixing processes, 38 Tracers, 38 Radionuclide accumulation by man, 215 Consumption standards for man, 248 Radionuclide deposition Ocean layers Fecal pellets, 184 Strontium-90, worldwide, 19 (See also Table 8) , 21 Radionuclide flux Columbia River, 207 Radionuclide ingestion Fish, 228 Rainbow trout, 228 (See also Table 4)
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From page 264...
... , 241 Radiation contamination, 246 Seasonal variation contamination Atlantic Ocean, 54 Seawater Density determination, 92 Temperature-salinity relationships, 92 Radioactive contaminants, 249 Radioactivity concentration, 248 Specific activity calculation, 248 Radionuclide model, 159 Samples collections Large-volume sampler, 125 Techniques, 125 KCFC resin-cesium-137 extraction, 124 Sediment equilibrium, 151 Seaweed contamination, 250 Sediment accumulation, 155 Continental shelf, 155 Deposition rates Adriatic Sea, 155 Deep-ocean floor, 155 Deposition rates Beaches, 156 Ligurian Sea, 155 Radionuclide assimilation, 155 Sediment contamination, 242 Sediment mixing Biological activity, 154 Currents, 153 Wave action, 153 Sediment movement Estuaries, 156 Particles, 147, 153, 159 River deltas, 157 Submarine canyons, 157 Suspensions, 157 Sediment-water interface, 153 Sedimentation-gravity relationships, 193 Sediments (See also Marine sediments) Adsorption, 190 Anoxic conditions (Table 2)
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From page 265...
... measurements, 230 Limitations, 230 Ravenglass mud flats, 235 Windscale area, 230, 234 Thermonuclear explosions, 22 (See also Nuclear testing programs) Transition elements, 186 Trace elements Behavior variations, 208 Coprecipitation, 189 Filter feeders, 193 Transport mechanisms, 178 Vertical distribution, 184 Tracer elements-oyster concentrations, 192 Tritiated seawater, 227 Tritium Concentrations in seawater, 48 Experiments Data deficit, 217 In oceans Cosmic interaction, 72 Decrease-depth relationships, 73 Global inventory, 72 Natural-artificial radionuclides, 72 Precipitation Northern Hemisphere, 73 Stratospheric vapor, 72, 73 Tropospheric transfer, 73 Profile studies, 73 Strontium-90 analyses, 73 Tracer studies, 217 Trophic levels, 206 Exploitation, 214 Food for man, 215, 217 Troposphere Half-residence time, 19 Turbulence in sea Horizontal scale, 106 Turnover rates Nitrogen, 171 Phosphorus, 171 Underwater explosions, 15 Bomb debris-seawater interaction, 16 Chemical, 38 Debris solubility, 17 Deep burst, 15 Hazard to man, 20 Nuclear detonations, 162 Underwater human communities, 242 United Kingdom Medical Research Council Contamination levels, 243 United Nations Worldwide radiation dosage calculations, 252 United States Atomic Energy Commission, 20 Plowshare Program, 241 Testing Programs, 20 United States Federal Radiation Council Contamination levels, 243 Upper mixed layers Diurnal migration of zooplankton, 175
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From page 266...
... , 46 Windscale (See Reprocessing plants) Evaluation studies Acceptable dosage-contamination relationships, 250 Discharge rates, 250 Safety factors, 250 Waste disposal Gamma dose on mud flats, 253 Ruthenium-106, 253 World Ocean Mixed layer, 143 Residence time of elements, 143 X-radiation in fish, 231 Zodiacal dust, 11 Zooplankton Biomass-concentration factors relationships, 175 (See afro Table 4)
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Key Terms

  • pacific ocean
  • testing programs
  • columbia river
  • atlantic ocean
  • vertical distribution

  • irish sea
  • world oceans
  • radiation dosage
  • specific activity
  • concentration factors

  • mud flats
  • discharge rates
  • ocean deep
  • marine organisms
  • contamination levels

  • nuclear testing
  • radionuclides distribution
  • fission products
  • western pacific
  • biological transport

  • nuclear auxiliary
  • auxiliary power
  • marine sediments
  • distribution patterns
  • sorption capacity

  • exoskeletal material
  • water contamination
  • reprocessing plants
  • northern hemisphere
  • submarine canyons


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