The Cost of Inaction for Young Children Globally Workshop Summary (2014) / Chapter Skim
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3 The Science of Developmental Potential
3 The Science of Developmental Potential
Pages 11-18
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From page 11... ...
Individual speakers focused on the science of developmental potential and disability and illuminated how different factors such as nutrition, stress, enrichment, and cultural context affect that development. THE TIMING OF INTEGRATED EARLY INTERVENTIONS: NUTRITION, STRESS, AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENRICHMENT1 Michael Georgieff began his presentation by stating that one must consider the way in which the brain develops when designing interventions.
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From page 12... ...
This would be particularly helpful in resource-limited environments, because targeting sensitive developmental windows for providing integrated biological and psychosocial interventions will be most efficient in promoting the development of children. Expounding on the idea of the importance of timing for interventions with young children, Georgieff used the example of nutrient supplementation on cognition.
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From page 13... ...
There is little integration of developmental disabilities into early child development research and program development agendas, according to Durkin. Perhaps the rationale is that, with limited resources available, funding should not be "wasted" on children who will never achieve optimal development.
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From page 14... ...
The United Nations' Millennium Development Goal 4 is to reduce by two-thirds the mortality rate for children under age 5 from 1990 to 2015. 3 Durkin explained that significant progress has been made toward that goal; and as of 2011, child mortality had dropped by nearly half worldwide.4 Durkin pointed out that reduction in child mortality leads to an increased prevalence in disability, and she provided data from Bangladesh to support this claim (Khan et al., 2013)
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From page 15... ...
The ICDSG supported an intervention package similar to the 1980s UNICEF strategy of growth monitoring, oral rehydration, breastfeeding, 5 DALY is the sum of the years of life lost to premature death and the years lost to disability for people with a particular health condition. 6 This section summarizes information presented by Robert Serpell, University of Zambia.
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From page 16... ...
Research evidence does not currently exist to support that imported, culturally alien cognitive stimulation techniques are more supportive of children's development than prevailing, local stimulation techniques. Serpell proposed that the design of appropriate, effective ECD services for African societies include the consideration of not only adverse economic conditions in rural and peri-urban neighborhoods, but also the strengths and limitations of local child-rearing practices, knowledge, and attitudes.
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From page 17... ...
As predicted by their ecocultural environments, English children scored much higher on the paper and pencil task, Zambian children scored much higher on the wire modeling task, and the groups did not differ in performance on the clay modeling task. The conclusion was that that the same underlying cognitive functions were only displayed when the test used a familiar medium.
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From page 18... ...
• Launch feasibility projects incorporating and adapting indige nous cultural resources in ECD. • Include cultural relevance in the criteria applied by accreditation bodies for approval of ECD services, institutions, and training programs.
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