Skip to main content

The Cost of Inaction for Young Children Globally Workshop Summary (2014) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:

8 Investing in Young Children and Their Caregivers
Pages 47-54

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 47...
... that outlines optimal development (shown in green on the figure) , development in which risk factors outweigh protective factors (shown in red)
Read the entire page →
From page 48...
... There are two types of cash transfer programs: 1. Conditional -- In a conditional cash transfer program, cash is provided to a household to encourage compliance with a pre specified action; the cash also serves as a way to alleviate short run economic pressure that the family may be facing.
Read the entire page →
From page 49...
... Fernald posited that different cash amounts, differential requirements, different levels of compliance, and different initial rates of poverty or cultural differences may be some reasons that the results are heterogeneous. After 10 years, Mexico's conditional cash transfer program positively affected height, behavior (Fernald et al., 2008, 2009a; Ozer et al., 2012)
Read the entire page →
From page 50...
... INVESTING EARLY AND RETURN ON INVESTMENT2 Paul Gertler analyzed the long-term economic returns from investments in young children. He connected investment in young children with workforce skills that are necessary for economic productivity -- both individual and global economic productivity.
Read the entire page →
From page 51...
... Gertler then discussed two specific intervention studies that provided evidence of a return on investment in the early years: 1. Jamaica Psychosocial Stimulation Intervention, 1986 to 1987 -- This intervention consisted of home-based play sessions facil itated by community aid workers and a once-a-week class to improve the quality of mother–child interactions.
Read the entire page →
From page 52...
... The classroom organization score was high, with a fairly wide distribution, and instructional support was very low, with a narrow distribution. 3  This section summarizes information presented by Norbert Schady, Inter-American Development Bank.
Read the entire page →
From page 53...
... One contributing factor may be that differences in language, math, and executive function all correlate to the level of the education of the child's mother. Across all tests, children whose mothers are elementary school dropouts scored about 0.5 standard deviations below children whose mothers graduated from elementary school, and around 1 to 1.5 standard deviations below those children whose mothers graduated from high school.
Read the entire page →

Key Terms

  • cash transfers
  • transfer programs
  • unconditional cash
  • fernald explained
  • risk factors

  • conditional cash
  • transfer program
  • section summarizes
  • summarizes information
  • protective factors

  • executive function
  • body mass
  • latin america
  • income quartile
  • class score

  • behavioral development
  • lia fernald
  • norbert schady
  • schady explained
  • teacher effects

  • standard deviations
  • mothers graduated
  • classroom organization
  • narrow distribution
  • child development

  • paul gertler
  • maternal depression
  • deviations below
  • instructional support
  • mass index


    • This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
    More information on Chapter Skim is available.