A Framework to Guide Selection of Chemical Alternatives (2014) / Chapter Skim
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11 Identifying, Comparing, and Implementing Alternatives
11 Identifying, Comparing, and Implementing Alternatives
Pages 149-158
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From page 149... ...
For example, REACH frameworks set acceptability criteria at the if the entity performing the alternatives assessment is beginning of the chemical alternatives assessment a regulator considering taking action on the chemical process and then measure alternatives against those of interest, offering a range of alternatives to replace criteria. The UCLA MCDA framework provides a the chemical allows complex industries and supply structure for integrating information from different chains the flexibility to select the option that best domains, but focuses on ranking alternatives rather suits each company's needs.
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150 A Framework to Guide Selection of Chemical Alternatives FIGURE 11-1 Committee's framework highlighting steps to identify, compare, and implement alternatives.
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From page 151... ...
By Step 10, assessors should have sufficient As noted in Chapter 3, thorough documentation of information to determine which, if any, of the findings allows for more effective critical evaluation potential alternatives can be considered acceptable. of alternatives assessment results and comparability Coming out of Step 7, each alternative will have across assessments.
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From page 152... ...
. assessor, but summary tables or other graphic observations about how each alternative failed to methods should be used to compile and present meet the requirements established in Step 2 or the results for multiple alternatives against multiple expected negative impacts to human health and the criteria.47 environment that were considered unacceptable to the entity conducting the alternatives assessment.
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From page 153... ...
chemical alternatives assessment. The decision analysis methods used in the In the UCLA report, two case studies are MCDA example are one way to integrate disparate presented in which an MCDA model created to information to rank or differentiate alternatives.
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From page 154... ...
needed to plan the necessary changes, to purchase the equipment needed, to build any constructions, to install, to train the personnel, etc.) ; STEP 12: IMPLEMENTING ALTERNATIVES By the end of Step 11, the assessor will have The transfer to an alternative substance requires either identified preferred alternatives or initiated regulatory approval (e.g., production of aircraft research on de novo green chemistry alternatives.
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From page 155... ...
Opportunities has published a substitution within chemical alternatives assessments, but one framework (developed by the Finnish consulting that is critical for minimizing unintended health, group GAIA) entitled "Guidance for minimizing environmental, and performance consequences, as chemical risk to workers' health and safety and the well as ensuring continuous improvement in environment," which includes implementation transitioning to safer chemicals and products.
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From page 156... ...
for implementation supports the transition to safer chemicals, processes, and products and allows for An implementation step will prepare for the continuous improvement, updating understanding as following challenges that may result: scientific knowledge evolves on hazards and Identified acceptable alternatives may work in a exposures, and minimizing or avoiding adverse health specific range of applications but not in others and ecosystem impacts that might be identified in the that have specific processing or operating application phase of an alternative. requirements.
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From page 157... ...
Monitoring needs are context dependent and Ultimately, these steps will not only could involve simple measures, such as air and support action related to implementation of water monitoring or waste audits, as well as substitutes, but also identify and mitigate workplace industrial hygiene evaluations. It expected or unintended health and safety, could also include more complex and formal ecosystem, performance, or economic adverse events post-market monitoring, such as consequences during the substitution formal adverse reporting systems.
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