Marine Aquaculture Opportunities for Growth (1992) / Chapter Skim
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Executive Summary
Executive Summary
Pages 1-8
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, objections to marine aquaculture installations on aesthetic grounds from coastal property owners, and broad ecological issues involving concerns about genetic dilution of wild stocks and transfer of diseases by cultured species through escapement of cultured animals. Poor water quality, high labor and land costs, and limited warm water temperatures also inhibit the success of marine aquaculture in the United States.
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The prospects for marine aquaculture as an emerging enterprise are uncertain and depend on whether a number of problems are resolved. However, given a fair share of support for the development of an advanced scientific and engineering base, as well as a reasonable and predictable regulatory framework, many of the problems that presently constrain marine aquaculture could be resolved.
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Achieving these objectives will depend on active congressional oversight of the executive agencies charged with implementing the national policies expressed in the National Aquaculture Act and the National Aquaculture Improvement Act. RECOMMENDATIONS Advances in Technology and EngineeringA Marine Aquaculture Initiative The opportunity exists for technology and increased knowledge to provide solutions to many of the environmental, economic, and biological limitations that constrain marine aquaculture's transformation into a significant U.S.
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Specific additional funds need to be allocated to target marine aquaculture activities in existing USDA services. · It is recommended that the USDA be charged with leadership in the promotion of commercial aquaculture including the research and support services (i.e., National Aquaculture Information Center)
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Such leadership should include: · promoting the use of private aquaculture for enhancement of stocks of various anadromous species that are heavily fished or otherwise threatened or endangered; · supporting the development of technology for rearing and releasing anadromous stocks where needed; and · administering the introduction and transfer of nonindigenous anadromous species. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationl National Marine Fisheries Service It is recommended that NOAA/NMFS be charged with leadership in the management and assessment of stock-enhanced marine fisheries.
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of various nearshore and offshore marine aquaculture practices on the marine environment and fisheries; and · administering the introduction and transfer of nonindigenous marine species. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationl National Sea Grant College Program It is recommended that NOAA/Sea Grant be charged with leadership in support of research and extension programs on marine aquaculture-related topics focused on preservation of the marine environment, understanding the life history of candidate species, and multiple use of marine resources, including associated social, economic, and policy issues.
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It is recommended that Congress create a legal framework to foster appropriate development, to anticipate potential conflicts over proposed uses, to assess potential environmental impacts of marine aquaculture, to develop appropriate mitigation measures for unavoidable impacts, and to assign fair public and private rents and returns on such operations. Revision of Laws That Impede the Development of Marine Aquaculture The Lacey Act Environmental preservation and the protection of indigenous species are important concerns; however, the Lacey Act (P.L.
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The prospects of this emerging enterprise are for healthy and vigorous growth, given a fair share of support for the development of an advanced scientific and engineering base, along with a reasonable and predictable regulatory framework. On this basis, the environmental problems that presently constrain marine aquaculture are likely to be resolved so that it can contribute to the continued vitality of the nation's living marine resources.
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