Marine Aquaculture Opportunities for Growth (1992) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Conclusions and Recommendations
Conclusions and Recommendations
Pages 169-177
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From page 169... ...
; increasing population with concomitant increases in pressure on coastal areas; a limited number of sites with suitable water quality; objections to marine aquaculture installations on aesthetic grounds from coastal property owners; broad ecological issues involving concerns about genetic dilution of wild stocks and transfer of diseases through the escape of cultured animals; and a limited understanding of the biological criteria needed for the design of viable systems.
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From page 170... ...
First, except for the establishment of the regional aquaculture centers, no funds were ever appropriated to agencies to implement the provisions of these acts. Second, the needs of marine aquaculture have tended to be overshadowed by the interests of the freshwater aquaculture industry, which are more closely linked to those of the traditional agriculture community through its geographic focus in inland farming areas.
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From page 171... ...
The initiative should include research and development to address the following: · the interdisciplinary development of environmentally sensitive, sustainable systems that will enable significant commercialization of onshore (on land) and nearshore marine aquaculture without unduly increasing conflict over use of the coastal area; · development of the knowledge base for technologies and candidate species needed to make decisions regarding commercialization of offshore marine aquaculture operations that avoid the environmental impacts of nearshore operations; · creation of (1)
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From page 172... ...
developing production procedures for the broader range of species necessary for effective mitigation of negative impacts on fish and shellfish stocks; and (3) developing and implementing improved methods for determining the effectiveness of using cultured stock for fish and shellfish enhancement activities in support of commercial, recreational, and ecological purposes.
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From page 173... ...
Joint Subcommittee on Aquaculture It is recommended that in addition to its current role as a forum for interagency discussion, the JSA be charged with designing a streamlined planning and permitting process for marine aquaculture activities emphasizing joint local, state, and federal coordination, and take responsibility for promoting the inclusion of marine aquaculture in the Coastal Zone Management Act. Major unresolved issues that prevent marine aquaculture from achieving success should be addressed within JSA by the following actions: · Formulate a plan for the explicit inclusion of marine aquaculture interests and impacts in coastal and offshore planning activities and in policies of state and federal agencies.
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From page 174... ...
Such leadership should include: · evaluating the effectiveness of existing and future stock enhancement programs; · supporting the development of technology for (1) producing stocks needed for nonanadromous marine fisheries enhancement and related aquaculture, and (2)
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From page 175... ...
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administrationl National Sea Grant College Program The Sea Grant Program has supported research relevant to marine aquaculture; however, a major initiative should be undertaken in the context of environmental issues, the basic biology of candidate species, and competing uses of resources. It is recommended that NOAA/Sea Grant be charged with leadership in support of research and extension programs on marine aquaculture-related topics focused on preservation of the marine environment, understanding the life history of candidate species, and multiple use of marine resources, including associated social, economic, and policy issues.
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From page 176... ...
For marine aquaculture to realize its potential, it must be addressed explicitly within a coordinated and coherent policy framework in federal, regional, and state ocean and coastal zone planning activities, to ensure its proper consideration and evaluation with respect to both resource development objectives and environmental impacts. Designation of marine aquaculture as a recognized coastal use under the Federal Coastal Zone Management Act and inclusion in state coastal management plans would be the first steps toward recognizing its role as a positive marine economic activity and streamlining the regulatory requirements that must be complied with to engage in a marine aquaculture enterprise.
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From page 177... ...
Control points for regulating the movement of living fish between states should be based on scientific and ecological information rather than solely on state borders. It is recommended that Congress make appropriate changes in the Lacey Act based on a comprehensive evaluation by the JSA of ecological and economic impacts to encourage the development of marine aquaculture within an environmentally sound regulatory framework.
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