Review Criteria for Successful Treatment of Hydrolysate at the Pueblo Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant (2015) / Chapter Skim
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7 Failure Risks, Systemization, and Contingency Options
7 Failure Risks, Systemization, and Contingency Options
Pages 41-52
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From page 41... ...
-- and the various inputs and outputs of the overall system. PCAPP identified several sources As discussed in Chapter 2, there are several advantages of potential failure, along with contingency options, in its to using the ICBs to implement biotreatment for the unique recent white paper on risk reduction and mitigation in the and complex hydrolysate feed.
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From page 42... ...
Too little oxygen to operations with the actual 1:8 diluted hydrolysate feed will lead to anaerobic reactions, which typically proceed takes longer than scheduled due to slow biomass acclimation, at slower rates (Metcalf and Eddy/AECOM, 2014) or to this can delay the ability to treat the hydrolysate stream being reactions in which sulfates are reduced to sulfides.
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From page 43... ...
Technical factors that may lead to insuffi- to measure the temperature of the ICBs during the hot days cient hydrolysate treatment include hydrolysate toxicity to of summer and maximum solar heating, evaluate the ability microbial biomass, the need for careful pH and temperature to control pH through caustic or acid addition, and test the control, nutrient and oxygen limitations, biomass buildup recycle piping and pumps for the process dilution water. and sloughing, start-up and acclimation issues, and release A second study will involve respirometry to screen for an of malodorous compounds.
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From page 44... ...
Some performance plan will test a number of key process variables, identify limitations may become apparent during the risk reduction potential failure points, and determine better ways to operate and minimization studies, so that timely action can be taken the downstream processes at PCAPP. to avoid delays in agent neutralization operations.
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From page 45... ...
during steady-state operation. As described in Chapter 2, the BRS is a relatively conven tional evaporator and crystallizer system that separates the The technical factors leading to insufficient treatment in water from the brine, recovers the water, and, as designed, the ICBs, along with the impacts and contingency options, produces a filter cake, which along with the spent GAC are summarized in Table 7-1.
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From page 46... ...
This is not expected to be a regular occurrence but may happen intermittently. Release of malodorous 1 to 2 GAC adsorbers are in place to remove volatile Install additional GAC capacity.
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From page 47... ...
adsorber, total organic carbon, total dissolved solids, and total Recommendation 7-3. PCAPP should develop contingency suspended solids in process streams, pressure drop across the plans to mitigate risk in the event that one or more of the GAC, filter cake water content, and equipment fouling.
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From page 48... ...
However, as long as the storage capacity of the WRS is not exceeded, the improveImpacts If WRS or BRS Underperform or Do Not Perform ment in performance might be a favorable trade-off for the decreased capacity. One of the main purposes3 of the WRS and BRS is to • If there is excessive biomass carryover from the ICBs reclaim water that can be recycled back into the munitions to the WRS and BRS, it may be necessary to install processing and agent neutralization operations and for dilu a clarifier after the ICBs to remove the biomass and tion of the agent hydrolysate.
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From page 49... ...
overall system cannot be remedied through the strategies described above, then offsite shipment of hydrolysate may Plant become a better alternative. While the offsite shipment and disposal option is viewed as a last resort, it is prudent to plan Should the decision be made to ship hydrolysate offsite, and prepare in advance for such a scenario in the event it is additional infrastructure would be needed to efficiently and needed in order to avoid further delays in agent neutralization effectively transfer the hydrolysate for shipment.
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From page 50... ...
It and emissions; elimination of solid waste streams (e.g., is worth noting that the Colorado CAC has high confidence BRS filter cake, spent carbon from the GAC adsorbers) ; a that these technical factors can be addressed by PCAPP, reduction in utility loading (e.g., heat tracing, cooling water, primarily through rigorous maintenance.
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From page 51... ...
The committee discussed R ecovery, and Brine Reduction Systems for the Pueblo Chemical Agent Destruction Pilot Plant. Washington, D.C.: The National Academies at length whether a change to offsite shipment could be Press.
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