Fire and Smoke Understanding the Hazards (1986) / Chapter Skim
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Introduction
Introduction
Pages 12-14
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From page 12... ...
Technical improvements have occurred -- e.g., in building fire codes, firefighting techniques, flammability standards for mattresses, the use of fire detection devices in homes, the use of sprinkler systems in public buildings, and public firesafety awareness -- and the annual number of fire deaths has been decreasing for 20 years. But it is commonly believed that the fire death rate might have decreased even more if new materials of synthetic origin had not come into use.
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From page 13... ...
A review of the major combustion products and their individual contributions to the toxic hazard affords only partial insight into the total toxic hazard in fire. The overall hazard is associated with exposure to mixtures of the individual combustion products and with their effects in preventing escape from the fire environment.
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From page 14... ...
Therefore, hazard depends on the situation: laboratory measurements of materials themselves do not predict hazard until the measured properties are evaluated in the context of how the material is to be used and how it might burn -- i.e., in a given fire scenario. The two means of providing information on the fire scenario are full-scale simulations and mathematical fire models.
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