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Neem A Tree for Solving Global Problems (1992) / Chapter Skim
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A Safety Tests
Pages 100-103

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From page 100...
... Currently, Margosan-O~ is registered for control of whiteflies, thrips, mealy bug, leafminers, looper, caterpillars, beet armyworms, aphids, ants, flies, cockroaches, fleas, weevils, psyllids, webworms, hornworms, spruce budworms, pin sawflies, and gypsy moths in greenhouses, commercial nurseries, forests, and homes. This is based on the results of toxicity studies required by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
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From page 101...
... The LCso was 13 mg/l and the no-observed-effect concentration at 48 hours was less than 10 mg/l. Therefore, the toxicity value obtained was well within the expected range, but it indicates that Margosan-O~ will affect primitive aquatic invertebrates under static conditions.
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From page 102...
... At that time, they were again anesthetized and weighed and a blood sample was taken as on day 0. Blood samples were submitted to repeat the analyses conducted at the study initiation, that is, complete blood counts with differential and serum protein electrophoresis.
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From page 103...
... Margosan-O~ was administered as a direct contact chemical using field dosages up to 4,478 ppm A.I./ha. It was found to be benign to honeybees at well above the recommended dosage of 20 ppm (diluted, as a foliar spray)
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Key Terms

  • mallard ducks
  • acute oral
  • healthy throughout
  • negative effects
  • bee adult

  • bobwhite quail
  • female rats
  • acute toxicity
  • oral toxicity
  • avian dietary

  • treated rats
  • adult toxicity
  • acute dermal
  • dermal toxicity
  • differed statistically

  • surviving rats
  • fish bioassay
  • pin sawflies
  • field dosages
  • expected range

  • aquatic invertebrates
  • appeared active
  • beet armyworms
  • five female
  • immune response

  • toxicity tests
  • ppm azadirachtin
  • lethal concentration
  • blood values
  • significant change


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