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From page 165... ... Index A Ablation, 104 Abyssal storms see Benthic storms Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) , 11, 108, 111 Acidity mineral dissolution factors, 38, 40-42 neutralization and mineral dissolution, 40-42 Acoustic reflectors, 111 Adirondack Mountains, 42 Africa eolian dust transport and deposition, 117, 119 paleohydrological studies, 92-93 fluvial sediment discharge, 81 African lakes, 122 Air pollution nitrogen and sulfur oxide emissions, 42 Algeria, 81 Alkalinity, 40-42 Allochthonous deposition, 101 Alps, 7, 79 fluvial sediment discharge, 83 Aluminosilicates, 151 ocean sediment biogenic aggregation, 136 165 Aluminum ocean sediment rain and burial, 128130, 137-138 Amazon River continental shelf exposure in ice age, 48-49 dissolved elements and sediment, 6667 paleohydrological studies, 92 sediment discharge, 76, 79 Anatolian Mountains, 80 Andes, 122 carbon dioxide consumption, 54 sediment source, 76 rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 66-67 Antarctica biogenic silica sediment preservation, 154 ice discharge to oceans, 70 ice sheet contribution to dissolved silica, 52 ice sheet temperature dynamics, 51-52 ice stream sediment transport, 104- 105 Anthropogenic factors, 4, 11 effects on chemical weathering, 30 Arabian Desert, 117 Arctic fluvial sediment discharge, 78 Arid regions rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 71 Artifacts, 145 Asia continental shelf exposure in ice age, 48-49 eolian dust transport and deposition, 118 loess deposition, 55-56 Atlantic Ocean benthic diagenetic flux and sedimentation, 149- 150 eolian dust transport and deposition, 118-122 marine carbonate sediments burial efficiency, 152-153 ocean sediment rain and burial, 127141 sediment mass and accumulation rates, 18-20 Atmosphere carbon dioxide concentration, 38 rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 70-71 Atmospheric aerosols stream water chemistry, 64 Atomic absorption spectrophotometry, 127 Read the entire page →
From page 166... ... , 90 Continental glaciation, 4 chemical weathering, 46-58 effect on forests, 55 glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, glacial cataclysmic floods, 89-94 110-111 ocean sediment rain and burial, 129 141 rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 66-68 sea level rises and falls, effect on sedimentation, 22-23 sediment accumulation rates, 19 Caribbean benthic diagenetic flux and sedimentation, 149 Catastrophic events, 7 cataclysmic floods, 88, 90-94 effect on chemical weathering, 30 Caucasus Mountains, 80 fluvial sediment discharge, 83 Chao Phya River, 82 Chemical reactions organic carbon degradation at seafloor, 145- 160 Chemical weathering, 8 France, 63 glacial time scale, 46-58 Pleistocene-Holocene rates, 15-25 rates of dissolution and weathering, 30-43 glacial-interglacial alternations, effect on sedimentation, 24 ice sheet temperature dynamics and water production, 51-53 Neogl aci ati on and paraglaci ati on , sediment flux, 105 sediment transport and deposition, 24 Continental margins, 5 active/passive margins and sedimentation, 83-84 benthic diagenic flux and sedimentation, 148-150 high-latitude glaciated, sediment flux, 100-113 Continental rises sediment mass and accumulation rates, 18-19 Continental shelf, 6 sediment accumulation rates, 22 high-latitude glaciated margins, sediment flux, 100-113 ice age exposure, 48-49 Cooper River, 82 Cooperative Holocene Mapping Project (COHMAP) paleohydrological mapping, 93 Read the entire page →
From page 167... ... roslon see Chemical weathering see Physical weathering Estuaries, 5 Euphotic zone, 131 Eurasia glacial cataclysmic floods, 89-90 Europe continental glaciation and chemical weathering, 48-58 paleohydrological studies, 91-92 Evaporation, 30, 69 Evaporites, 9, 70 relative dissolution rates, 37 Evapotranspiration, 63, 76 Feldspar, 110 F Fennoscandian Ice Sheet glacial cataclysmic floods, 90 temperature dynamics, 51-52 Fiords sediment transport and deposition, 100-113 Floods, 9 glacial cataclysmic floods, 89-94 paleoflood hydrology, 87-88 Fluvial paleohydrology river water and sediment fluxes, 86-94 Fluvial sediment transport, 4, 55 basin area and basin elevation, 74-84 benthic diagenetic flux and sedimentation, 149 dissolved elements and sediment, 6271 glacial cataclysmic floods, 90 glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, 104-105 transport rates, 68-69 Flux rates, 18, 150- 151 Foraminifera, 108, 111, 120 Forests and chemical weathering, 54-55 Fossil fuels nitrogen and sulfur oxide emissions, 42 trance stream water chemistry, 64 Gamma Ray Attenuation Porosity Evaluation (GRAPE) , 17 Ganges River, 83 Geothermal flux, 51 Glacial outwash plains eolian silt transport, 55 Glacial sediments sediment mass and accumulation rates, 23 sources and grain size, 108-111 Glaciers carbon dioxide and chemical weathering, 52 chemical weathering, 46-58 plucking, abrasion, and fluvial action, 52 shear stresses, 53 temperature dynamics and water production, 50-53 Glaciology fiord basins sediment transport mechanics, 104- 105 Global Hydrological Model, 91 Gobi Desert, 117 Granite, 42 Grasslands, 55 Gravity flow deposition, 101 Great Lakes, 31 Great Salt Lake, 5 Greenland glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, 106, 111-112 ice sheet temperature dynamics, 51-52 Groundwater, 30, 50 Gulf Coastal Plain preserved paleochannels, 87 Gulf of Mexico continental shelf exposure in ice age, 48-49 sediment mass and accumulation rates, 20-21 H Hatteras Abyssal Plain ocean sediment rain and burial, 127-141 Heterotrophic organisms, 127 High-resolution dating, 11 Himalayas, 7 fluvial sediment discharge, 81 Huang He, 64, 81, 82 paleoflood records, 88 Hydrographers Range, 75 Hydrothermal discharge, 65, 127 I Ice-rafted detritus, 101 Icebergs, 101, 102, 104 India paleoflood records, 88 paleohydrological studies, 93 Read the entire page →
From page 168... ... eolian dust deposition, 117 McBeth Fiord, 103, 107-111 Measurement methods and devices benthic diagenetic flux and sediment, 143-147 Mediterranean Sea, 79 fluvial sediment discharge, 83 global circulation models, 93 Global Hydrological Model, 91 hydraulic flow, 87 hydrological change, 93 opal dissolution, 135- 136 organic carbon sediment burial efficiency, 156- 159 sediment flux computer simulations, 112 Molecular diffusion benthic diagenetic flux and sediment, 143-147 Mongolia, 118 Monsoon ice age climate, 47 Morocco, 81 Mount Pinatubo, 8 Mount St. Helens, 84 Mountains small mountainous rivers, sediment discharge, 74-84 Mudslides, 84 Murray River, 82 Nares Abyssal Plain ocean sediment rain and burial, 127141 Narmada River paleoflood records, 88 Neoglaciation, 105, 109 Nepal, 76 Niger River, 77, 81 Nile River, 76, 81, 91 Nival, 104 Nonglacial continental sediments sediment mass and accumulation rates, 23 North Africa eolian dust plume, 119 North America continental glaciation and chemical weathering, 48-58 fluvial sediment discharge, 78 paleohydrological studies, 91-92 sediment mass and accumulation rates, Northwestern United States 21 Mid-Brunhes Climate Event, 121-122 Mineral dissolution rates, 37-39 Mississippi River, 76, 78 glacial cataclysmic floods, 89 glaciation reorganization of basins, 24 Models benthic diagenetic flux and sediment, 143-147 fiord glacier sedimentation, 102 glacial cataclysmic floods, 90 o Ocean aerosols source of atmospheric elements, 64 Ocean floor, 4 diagenetic flux and sedimentation, 143- 160 see also Deep sea Read the entire page →
From page 169... ... INDEX Oceania continental shelf exposure in ice age, pH 48-49 fluvial sediment discharge, 81-82 mountainous river sediment discharge, 77 Oceans calcium compensation depth, 57 carbon dioxide concentration of surface water, 38 eolian dust transport and deposition, 116-122 mixing time and diagenetic cycles, 147 Plankton, 147 Oder River, 82 Opal ocean sediment accumulation, 154 ocean sediment rain and burial, 129, 135-136, 138 Orange River, 82 Ord River, 82 Orinoco River, 67, 78 paleohydrological studies, 92 Oxidants, 151 Ozone layer, 8 acidity, alkalinity, and pH in natural waters, 40 relation to mineral dissolution rates, 38 p 169 Petroleum maturation, 84 River water chemistry, 62-63 Rivers, 7 diversions, 94 drainage toward continental interiors, 69 glaciation reorganization of basins, 24 Photic zone, 3 sediment transport rates, 68-69 Photosynthesis, 147 Rock types Physical weathering, 7-8 dissolved major elements, by stream France, 63 Ethology, 62-63 glacier erosion, 53-54 glacier coverage and climatic change, Piston cores, 106- 112 49-50 Runoff, 30, 52 sediment discharge, 76-77 Russia, 80 Plant productivity association with temperature and mineral dissolution, 39 Poland paleohydrological studies, 91 preserved paleochannels, 87 Pore space, 32 Pore water sampling, 144-147 Porosity, 144 chemical weathering, 34 Potassium benthic diagenetic flux, 147 rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 66-68 Precession cycle, 6 Precipitation, 30 glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, 103-104 ice age and present, 47-48 mechanical erosion and sediment Pacific Ocean benthic diagenetic flux and sedimentation, 149-150 eolian dust transport and deposition, 118-122 marine carbonate sediments burial efficiency, 152-153 ocean sediment rain and burial, 127 141 sediment mass and accumulation rates, 18-20 Pacific Rim, 9 volcanic arcs, eolian ash deposition, 122 Paleochannels, 87 Paleoclimatology, 86 proxy indicators of eolian dust flux, R 120-121 Paleomagnetic boxes, 108 Rare earth elements, 122 Paleostage indicators Red Sea hydraulic flow models, 87-88 Papua New Guinea, 75 Paraglaciation, 105 Parana River, 78 Particle size weathered rock and soil, 35-36 Particulate organic matter, 132 Persian Gulf sediment mass and accumulation rates, 20 transport, 63 Pressure melting point, 104 Purari River, 82 Q Quartz, 110 dissolution rates, 38 dust from weathering, 117 sediment mass and accumulation rates, 21 Refractory elements, 129 Regime theory, 87 Resuspension of sediment, 101, 127-128, 140 Rhine River, 80 Rifiji River, 81 River basin area fluvial sediment discharge, 75 Sahara Desert, 117, 119 Sahel, 117 San Clemente Basin Sand glaciated coastlines, sediment sources, 108-111 Satellites, 3 Scandinavian Shield, 42 Sea ice, 104 Sea level changes glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, 105 sedimentation effects of rises and falls, 22 Sea of Okhotsk sediment accumulation rates, 21 Seafloor see Ocean floor Sediment cores, 117-122 Sediment cycling, 23-24 Sediment deposition accumulation rates, 17-25 basin area and basin elevation, 74-84 delivery ratio, 68 glaciated high-latitude continental margins, 100- 113 gravity flow deposition, 101 loess, 55-56 marine sediments burial efficiency, 152-156 ocean sediment, organic carbon, 134135 ocean sediment rain and burial, 125141 Quaternary total sediment mass and components, 17-25 river basin area and elevation, 74-84 transport mechanics, 87 Sediment traps, 106 Read the entire page →
From page 170... ... Lawrence River glacial cataclysmic floods, 89 glaciation reorganization of basins, 24 Stoichiometry, 146-147 Storms, 117 Stream power, 90 Subduction, 84 Sulfuric acid, 38 Surface area reactive areas of minerals, 34-35 Sweden, 17 T Taurus Mountains, 80 Tectonic activity continental ice cap formation, 24-25 sediment transport role, 65 Temperate regions rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 71 Temperature glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, 103-104 glacier formation, 51 glaciers, temperature dynamics, 50-52 ice age and present, 47-48 mechanical erosion and sediment transport, 63 mineral dissolution factors, 37 Terrestrial plant wax alkanes, 132 Thailand rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 66-67 Tills, 53 Titanium ocean sediment rain and burial, 128 130 Total suspended sediment rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 62-71 ~ . Read the entire page →

From page 165...

... Index A Ablation, 104 Abyssal storms see Benthic storms Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) , 11, 108, 111 Acidity mineral dissolution factors, 38, 40-42 neutralization and mineral dissolution, 40-42 Acoustic reflectors, 111 Adirondack Mountains, 42 Africa eolian dust transport and deposition, 117, 119 paleohydrological studies, 92-93 fluvial sediment discharge, 81 African lakes, 122 Air pollution nitrogen and sulfur oxide emissions, 42 Algeria, 81 Alkalinity, 40-42 Allochthonous deposition, 101 Alps, 7, 79 fluvial sediment discharge, 83 Aluminosilicates, 151 ocean sediment biogenic aggregation, 136 165 Aluminum ocean sediment rain and burial, 128130, 137-138 Amazon River continental shelf exposure in ice age, 48-49 dissolved elements and sediment, 6667 paleohydrological studies, 92 sediment discharge, 76, 79 Anatolian Mountains, 80 Andes, 122 carbon dioxide consumption, 54 sediment source, 76 rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 66-67 Antarctica biogenic silica sediment preservation, 154 ice discharge to oceans, 70 ice sheet contribution to dissolved silica, 52 ice sheet temperature dynamics, 51-52 ice stream sediment transport, 104- 105 Anthropogenic factors, 4, 11 effects on chemical weathering, 30 Arabian Desert, 117 Arctic fluvial sediment discharge, 78 Arid regions rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 71 Artifacts, 145 Asia continental shelf exposure in ice age, 48-49 eolian dust transport and deposition, 118 loess deposition, 55-56 Atlantic Ocean benthic diagenetic flux and sedimentation, 149- 150 eolian dust transport and deposition, 118-122 marine carbonate sediments burial efficiency, 152-153 ocean sediment rain and burial, 127141 sediment mass and accumulation rates, 18-20 Atmosphere carbon dioxide concentration, 38 rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 70-71 Atmospheric aerosols stream water chemistry, 64 Atomic absorption spectrophotometry, 127

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From page 166...

... , 90 Continental glaciation, 4 chemical weathering, 46-58 effect on forests, 55 glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, glacial cataclysmic floods, 89-94 110-111 ocean sediment rain and burial, 129 141 rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 66-68 sea level rises and falls, effect on sedimentation, 22-23 sediment accumulation rates, 19 Caribbean benthic diagenetic flux and sedimentation, 149 Catastrophic events, 7 cataclysmic floods, 88, 90-94 effect on chemical weathering, 30 Caucasus Mountains, 80 fluvial sediment discharge, 83 Chao Phya River, 82 Chemical reactions organic carbon degradation at seafloor, 145- 160 Chemical weathering, 8 France, 63 glacial time scale, 46-58 Pleistocene-Holocene rates, 15-25 rates of dissolution and weathering, 30-43 glacial-interglacial alternations, effect on sedimentation, 24 ice sheet temperature dynamics and water production, 51-53 Neogl aci ati on and paraglaci ati on , sediment flux, 105 sediment transport and deposition, 24 Continental margins, 5 active/passive margins and sedimentation, 83-84 benthic diagenic flux and sedimentation, 148-150 high-latitude glaciated, sediment flux, 100-113 Continental rises sediment mass and accumulation rates, 18-19 Continental shelf, 6 sediment accumulation rates, 22 high-latitude glaciated margins, sediment flux, 100-113 ice age exposure, 48-49 Cooper River, 82 Cooperative Holocene Mapping Project (COHMAP) paleohydrological mapping, 93

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From page 167...

... roslon see Chemical weathering see Physical weathering Estuaries, 5 Euphotic zone, 131 Eurasia glacial cataclysmic floods, 89-90 Europe continental glaciation and chemical weathering, 48-58 paleohydrological studies, 91-92 Evaporation, 30, 69 Evaporites, 9, 70 relative dissolution rates, 37 Evapotranspiration, 63, 76 Feldspar, 110 F Fennoscandian Ice Sheet glacial cataclysmic floods, 90 temperature dynamics, 51-52 Fiords sediment transport and deposition, 100-113 Floods, 9 glacial cataclysmic floods, 89-94 paleoflood hydrology, 87-88 Fluvial paleohydrology river water and sediment fluxes, 86-94 Fluvial sediment transport, 4, 55 basin area and basin elevation, 74-84 benthic diagenetic flux and sedimentation, 149 dissolved elements and sediment, 6271 glacial cataclysmic floods, 90 glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, 104-105 transport rates, 68-69 Flux rates, 18, 150- 151 Foraminifera, 108, 111, 120 Forests and chemical weathering, 54-55 Fossil fuels nitrogen and sulfur oxide emissions, 42 trance stream water chemistry, 64 Gamma Ray Attenuation Porosity Evaluation (GRAPE) , 17 Ganges River, 83 Geothermal flux, 51 Glacial outwash plains eolian silt transport, 55 Glacial sediments sediment mass and accumulation rates, 23 sources and grain size, 108-111 Glaciers carbon dioxide and chemical weathering, 52 chemical weathering, 46-58 plucking, abrasion, and fluvial action, 52 shear stresses, 53 temperature dynamics and water production, 50-53 Glaciology fiord basins sediment transport mechanics, 104- 105 Global Hydrological Model, 91 Gobi Desert, 117 Granite, 42 Grasslands, 55 Gravity flow deposition, 101 Great Lakes, 31 Great Salt Lake, 5 Greenland glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, 106, 111-112 ice sheet temperature dynamics, 51-52 Groundwater, 30, 50 Gulf Coastal Plain preserved paleochannels, 87 Gulf of Mexico continental shelf exposure in ice age, 48-49 sediment mass and accumulation rates, 20-21 H Hatteras Abyssal Plain ocean sediment rain and burial, 127-141 Heterotrophic organisms, 127 High-resolution dating, 11 Himalayas, 7 fluvial sediment discharge, 81 Huang He, 64, 81, 82 paleoflood records, 88 Hydrographers Range, 75 Hydrothermal discharge, 65, 127 I Ice-rafted detritus, 101 Icebergs, 101, 102, 104 India paleoflood records, 88 paleohydrological studies, 93

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From page 168...

... eolian dust deposition, 117 McBeth Fiord, 103, 107-111 Measurement methods and devices benthic diagenetic flux and sediment, 143-147 Mediterranean Sea, 79 fluvial sediment discharge, 83 global circulation models, 93 Global Hydrological Model, 91 hydraulic flow, 87 hydrological change, 93 opal dissolution, 135- 136 organic carbon sediment burial efficiency, 156- 159 sediment flux computer simulations, 112 Molecular diffusion benthic diagenetic flux and sediment, 143-147 Mongolia, 118 Monsoon ice age climate, 47 Morocco, 81 Mount Pinatubo, 8 Mount St. Helens, 84 Mountains small mountainous rivers, sediment discharge, 74-84 Mudslides, 84 Murray River, 82 Nares Abyssal Plain ocean sediment rain and burial, 127141 Narmada River paleoflood records, 88 Neoglaciation, 105, 109 Nepal, 76 Niger River, 77, 81 Nile River, 76, 81, 91 Nival, 104 Nonglacial continental sediments sediment mass and accumulation rates, 23 North Africa eolian dust plume, 119 North America continental glaciation and chemical weathering, 48-58 fluvial sediment discharge, 78 paleohydrological studies, 91-92 sediment mass and accumulation rates, Northwestern United States 21 Mid-Brunhes Climate Event, 121-122 Mineral dissolution rates, 37-39 Mississippi River, 76, 78 glacial cataclysmic floods, 89 glaciation reorganization of basins, 24 Models benthic diagenetic flux and sediment, 143-147 fiord glacier sedimentation, 102 glacial cataclysmic floods, 90 o Ocean aerosols source of atmospheric elements, 64 Ocean floor, 4 diagenetic flux and sedimentation, 143- 160 see also Deep sea

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From page 169...

... INDEX Oceania continental shelf exposure in ice age, pH 48-49 fluvial sediment discharge, 81-82 mountainous river sediment discharge, 77 Oceans calcium compensation depth, 57 carbon dioxide concentration of surface water, 38 eolian dust transport and deposition, 116-122 mixing time and diagenetic cycles, 147 Plankton, 147 Oder River, 82 Opal ocean sediment accumulation, 154 ocean sediment rain and burial, 129, 135-136, 138 Orange River, 82 Ord River, 82 Orinoco River, 67, 78 paleohydrological studies, 92 Oxidants, 151 Ozone layer, 8 acidity, alkalinity, and pH in natural waters, 40 relation to mineral dissolution rates, 38 p 169 Petroleum maturation, 84 River water chemistry, 62-63 Rivers, 7 diversions, 94 drainage toward continental interiors, 69 glaciation reorganization of basins, 24 Photic zone, 3 sediment transport rates, 68-69 Photosynthesis, 147 Rock types Physical weathering, 7-8 dissolved major elements, by stream France, 63 Ethology, 62-63 glacier erosion, 53-54 glacier coverage and climatic change, Piston cores, 106- 112 49-50 Runoff, 30, 52 sediment discharge, 76-77 Russia, 80 Plant productivity association with temperature and mineral dissolution, 39 Poland paleohydrological studies, 91 preserved paleochannels, 87 Pore space, 32 Pore water sampling, 144-147 Porosity, 144 chemical weathering, 34 Potassium benthic diagenetic flux, 147 rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 66-68 Precession cycle, 6 Precipitation, 30 glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, 103-104 ice age and present, 47-48 mechanical erosion and sediment Pacific Ocean benthic diagenetic flux and sedimentation, 149-150 eolian dust transport and deposition, 118-122 marine carbonate sediments burial efficiency, 152-153 ocean sediment rain and burial, 127 141 sediment mass and accumulation rates, 18-20 Pacific Rim, 9 volcanic arcs, eolian ash deposition, 122 Paleochannels, 87 Paleoclimatology, 86 proxy indicators of eolian dust flux, R 120-121 Paleomagnetic boxes, 108 Rare earth elements, 122 Paleostage indicators Red Sea hydraulic flow models, 87-88 Papua New Guinea, 75 Paraglaciation, 105 Parana River, 78 Particle size weathered rock and soil, 35-36 Particulate organic matter, 132 Persian Gulf sediment mass and accumulation rates, 20 transport, 63 Pressure melting point, 104 Purari River, 82 Q Quartz, 110 dissolution rates, 38 dust from weathering, 117 sediment mass and accumulation rates, 21 Refractory elements, 129 Regime theory, 87 Resuspension of sediment, 101, 127-128, 140 Rhine River, 80 Rifiji River, 81 River basin area fluvial sediment discharge, 75 Sahara Desert, 117, 119 Sahel, 117 San Clemente Basin Sand glaciated coastlines, sediment sources, 108-111 Satellites, 3 Scandinavian Shield, 42 Sea ice, 104 Sea level changes glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, 105 sedimentation effects of rises and falls, 22 Sea of Okhotsk sediment accumulation rates, 21 Seafloor see Ocean floor Sediment cores, 117-122 Sediment cycling, 23-24 Sediment deposition accumulation rates, 17-25 basin area and basin elevation, 74-84 delivery ratio, 68 glaciated high-latitude continental margins, 100- 113 gravity flow deposition, 101 loess, 55-56 marine sediments burial efficiency, 152-156 ocean sediment, organic carbon, 134135 ocean sediment rain and burial, 125141 Quaternary total sediment mass and components, 17-25 river basin area and elevation, 74-84 transport mechanics, 87 Sediment traps, 106

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From page 170...

... Lawrence River glacial cataclysmic floods, 89 glaciation reorganization of basins, 24 Stoichiometry, 146-147 Storms, 117 Stream power, 90 Subduction, 84 Sulfuric acid, 38 Surface area reactive areas of minerals, 34-35 Sweden, 17 T Taurus Mountains, 80 Tectonic activity continental ice cap formation, 24-25 sediment transport role, 65 Temperate regions rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 71 Temperature glaciated coastlines, sediment flux, 103-104 glacier formation, 51 glaciers, temperature dynamics, 50-52 ice age and present, 47-48 mechanical erosion and sediment transport, 63 mineral dissolution factors, 37 Terrestrial plant wax alkanes, 132 Thailand rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 66-67 Tills, 53 Titanium ocean sediment rain and burial, 128 130 Total suspended sediment rivers, dissolved elements and sediment, 62-71 ~ .

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Index Pages 165-170

Index
Pages 165-170