Shiphandling Simulation Application to Waterway Design (1992) / Chapter Skim
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6. Assessment of Simulator Technology and Results
6. Assessment of Simulator Technology and Results
Pages 59-69
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From page 59... ...
With this caveat, the following discussion assesses simulator technology from an engineering point of view, that is, in the context of its application to waterway design. ACCURACY Simulation has only recently become a feature of some waterway design initiatives, although use of the technology is increasing.
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From page 60... ...
First, does the predicted track of a given ship accurately reproduce the real ship track when the pilot or autopilot performs at the simulator exactly as either would perform on a real ship? More scientifically, is the output of the simulator the same as that of the ship when the input to both is identical.
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From page 61... ...
. The state of practice is such that theoretical predictions of deep-water turning performance are typically within 10 to 20 percent for these measures when the coefficients in the particular mathematical framework are identified using scaled physical experiments (captive model tests and extensive propeller-rudder interaction model tests)
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From page 62... ...
In He current state of practice, many frameworks and associated coefficients for models Hat deal wig details specific to waterway design (shallow water, banks, passing ships, variable currents, and so on) are constructed heuristically by using an amalgam of available theoretical developments, by using results of the limited available mode]
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From page 63... ...
If wide variations in shiphandling do result from man-in-theloop simulations, the implications for waterway design may be impomnt. If it can be determined that a particular waterway configuration is highly sensitive to pilot performance, then it would be prudent to search for and consider an alignment that is less sensitive: for example, a more desirable alternative would show little variation in swept path amongst different pilots.
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From page 65... ...
Pilots participating in preliminary simulations to validate simulator performance are either part of the validation team or provide information for the validation process. Other pilots, qualified facility staff or other experts are sometimes used to observe and evaluate simulation runs to guard against bias a.
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From page 68... ...
Consequently, marine simulations for training and channel design lack the quantitative data that forms the basis for developing and validating aircraft flight simulators. Characterizing ship-operating environment interactions remains a challenge in applying marine simulation technology to waterway design.
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From page 69... ...
The state of practice is to use subjective measures (for example, interviews with pilots) to validate the overall simulation and subjective interpretations of the simulation results in terms of overall risk corresponding to the waterway design.
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