The National Academies Press

Currently Skimming:

Index
Pages 107-114

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.

From page 107... ... Index Abortion, spontaneous, 17, 26, 29 Adolescents, 23, 60 Adverse outcomes of pregnancy in low-income women, 93 obesity and, 19 preconceptional nutrition and, 6,16,18 prenatal nutrition and, 6, 20 in underweight women, 19 AIDS, 25, 27, 28, 50; see also HIV infection Alcohol use documentation of, 42 fetal effects, 18, 19, 25, 27 interventions, 45 and prenatal nutrition, 28 and preterm delivery, 25 and zinc excretion, 17 Anemia HIV infection and, 27 iron~eficiengy, 21, 45 nutrient deficiency and, 21 postpartum, 33 in underweight women, 19 Anorexia nervosa, 20 see also Eating disordem Anthropometric measurements, 44, 4S, 63, 78-79 107 Basic nutrition services assessment, 42, 44, 45, 4~49, 63, 102 breastfeeding support, 30, 58 - iO characteristics of, 9 delivery of, 57~4 health maintenance, 44, 49, 63{94 importance of, 5-6 for infants, 61 64 interventions, 45, 49, 64 knowledge base of providers, 48, 62-63 management skills, 49 for neonates, 57-61 overview of, 2, 42 personnel, 9, 43, 62 postpartum, 30 recipients, 9 skills of providers, 4~49, 63 Bedrest, nutritional care during, 25, 44 Birth weight size categories for, 78 WIC participation and, 5~, 25, 30 see also Low-birth-weight infants; Ve~y-low-birth-weight infants Body mass index, weight gain recommendations by, 23 Read the entire page →
From page 108... ... . Calcium lactation needs, 31 neonatal requirements, 69, 70 postpartum, 30 RDAs, 22 supplementation, 26 Celiac disease, 20 Cesarean delivery and breastEeeding, 59 obesity and, 19 postpartum nutrition requirements, 33 Cholestasis, 70, 75 Cigarette smoking cessation programs, 27 fetal effects of, 27 and prenatal nutrition, 27-28 and preterm delivery, 25 prevalence of, 27 INDEX Cocaine, 28, 68; see also Drug abuse Computer-based patient records and systems, 97 Congenital malformations, 17, 18, 68, 75 Continuity of nutritional care approaches for improving, 93 94 challenges to, 93 computer-based patient records and systems, 97 coordinated seances, 94-9S patient-carried health dianes, 95-97 recommendations, 2, 3,1~11, 61,105 referral to outside services' 102 Crohn's disease, 20, 50 Cystic fibrosis, and prenatal nutrition, 29~30, 50 Diabetes mellitus and blood glucose control, 23 24, 26, 33 and congenital malformations, 17 fetal effects, 26, 68 gestational, 19, 26, 33, 43, 45, 50 insulin dependent, 2 multiple gestation and, 25 preconceptional nutrition, 17 preexisting, 6,17, 50 prenatal nutrition, 2, 25-26, 43, 45 Diet data collection, 44 information about, 44 postpartum, 34 Dietitians, 2 communication between providers and, 42 definition, 7n.d neonatal, ~5, 86 preconceptional role of, 18 prenatal role of, 24, 26, 50 qualifications, 51, 62, 84, 85, 86 recommendations, 3, 105 referral to, 45 services provided by, 10, 43, 50 Drug abuse fetal effects of, 25, 68 interventions, 45 and prenatal nutrition, 28, 50 and preterm delivery, 25 Eating disorders (maternal) Read the entire page →
From page 109... ... INDEX Energy intake diabetes mellitus and, 26 and gestational weight gain, 21 hypertensive disorders and, 26 lactation needs, 31 normal prenatal needs, 23 phenylketonuria and, 29 RDAs, 22 Enteral feeding of neonates defined, 71 formulas, 73 human milk, 72-73 Families, involvement in care, 2, 10, 82, 103 Federal food and nutrition programs and benefits, 45, 46 47 Feeding methods, see Infant feeding methods Fetal alcohol syndrome, 18, 19, 28 Fetal growth restriction alcohol use and, 28 prenatal nutrition and, 21, 25, 50 Folate deficiency, 21 lactation needs, 31 metabolism-altering drugs, 17 and neural tube defects, 1~19 postpartum, 30 RDAs, 22 supplements, 1~19 Food, benefits of federal programs, 4607 Food intake and gestational weight gain, 21 postpartum, 34 see also Diet Gastric banding or stapling, 19, 50 Gastrointestinal disorders HIV infection and, 27 and prenatal nutntion, 2, 27, 29, 45, 50 prepregnancy nutrition and, 2, 20 Gestational age, 78 Glucose intolerance, 25, 30 maternal blood, 17, 2~24, 26, 33 self-monitoring of, 26 Health department, maternal and child health unit, 41 109 Health diaries, patient~arried, 95-97, 105 Health problems indicating a need for special nutrition services neonatal, 67 68 postpartum, 33 preconceptional, 17-20 prenatal, 23 30, 50 Hemoglobin~ematocrit, 21, 31, 44 High-birth-weight babies, 19 HIV infection and breastteeding, 72 fetal effects of, 27 and prenatal nutrition, 27 Home visits, 6, 6061, 62, 64, 71 Hospitals, support of breastfe! eding by, S9 Human immunodeficiengy virus, see Hill infection Human milk banks, 72-73 fortification of, 72 handling and storage of, 74 HIV in, 72, 73 pasteurization of, 73 preterm delivery and, 72 qualities of, 57, 72 tube feeding with, 73-74 Hyperglycemia, 70; see also Diabetes mellitus; Glucose Hyperemesis gravidarum, and prenatal nutrition, 24, 50 Hypertensive disorders obesity and, 19 postpartum weight loss, 32 and prenatal nutrition, 24, 26, 50 Hypoglycemia, 33, 83 Illegal drugs, see Drug abuse; and individual substances Inborn errors of metabolism, 61, 68, 73, 81, 102 Infant feeding methods enteral, 72-75 Buid restriction, 76 formulas, 58, 73 human milk, 57, 7~73 information on, 61 parenteral, 70, 75-76 tube feeding, 70, 7~75 see also Bottle feeding; Breastfeeding Read the entire page →
From page 110... ... 110 Infants delivery of basic nutrition seances for, 61 64 morbidity, 19 PKU, 18 see also Neonates; Preterm, handicapped, and sick infants Infection, maternal, 25, 26 Insulin, 26, 33 Intensive care, neonatal, 81~2 Intrauterine growth retardation, see Fetal growth restriction Iron deficiency, 21; see also Anemia neonatal requirements, 69 postpartum, 31, 33 RDAs, 22 supplements, 21, 44 Lactation diet and, 31 nutrient and energy needs, 31-32 RDAs, 22, 31 and weight, 32 Lactose intolerance, 43, 45, 73 Liver disorders, 20, SO Low-birth-weight infants causes, 68, 93 defined, 67, 78 maternal PKU and, 18 maternal weight-for-height and, 23 nutritional care and, 6, 9S preconception nutrition and, 16, 30 preterm birth and, 24 rates, 67 68 RDAs, 69 see also Birth weight; Preterm, handicapped, and sick infants Low-income women, 43, 58, 60, 62, 93 Macrosomia, 19, 26 Magnesium lactation needs, 31 RDAs, 22 Malabsorption syndrome, 29, SO Maternal and Child Health Program, 9~95, 10S Maternal morbidity, 19 Medicaid, 6, 7, 41, 95 Mental retardation, IS, 28, 29 INDEX Midwives defined, 10n.e nutrition-related qualifications, 10, 51, 62 Migrant workers, 7, 58, 93, 96 Minerals lactation needs, 31 neonatal requirements, 69, 70 RDAs, 22 Monitoring anthropometric changes, 78-79 food and fluid intake and output, 7~77 head circumference, 79 laboratory values, 80 length of infant, 79 neonates, 76 80 weight changes, 79 Multiple gestation, and prenatal nutrition, 24, 25, 44, 50 Necrotizing enterocolitis, 68, 70, 72, 75 Neonates basic care for, 57-61 breastteeding, 5~61 comprehensive nutritional care, 6102, 82 feeding methods, 58 61, 71 - 76 home visits and other early follow-up, 6~61 hypocalcemia, 21 see also Infants; Low-birth-weight infants; Preterm, handicapped, and sick infants; Ve~y-low-birth-weight infants Neonatologists, 84, 85 Neural tube defects, 18 Newborns, see Neonates Nurses and nume-practitioners, nutrition-related qualifications, 51, 62, 84 86 Nutrients excessive intakes of, 21 normal prenatal needs, 21-23 postpartum replenishment of, 30 31 Nutrition education documentation, 42 in federal programs, 4047 infant feeding, 58, S9, 62, 63 materials, 43 role of dietitians in, 43 Nutrition services changes in content of care, 7 development and testing of implementation strategies, 3, 53, 106 Read the entire page →
From page 111... ... extremes and, 19 Preeclampsia, 19, 25, 26, 32,33 Pregnancy outcomes, see Adverse outcomes of pregnancy Recommended Dietary Allowances, 21, 22 Prenatal care acu~,41 documentation, 42 home visits, 42 model for, 95 providers, 42 strategies to increase utilization, 43 Prenatal nutrition alcohol use and, 28 cigarette smoking and, 27-28 in complicated pregnancies, 23 30, 52 Cystic fibrosis and, 2030 diabetes mellitus and, 25-26 drug abuse and, 28 energy demands, 23 fetal growth restriction and, 25 gastrointestinal disorders and, 29 HIV infection and, 27 hyperemesis gravidarum and, 24 hypertensive disorders and, 26 importance of services, 5 multiple pregnancy and, 25 in normal pregnancies, 21-23 Read the entire page →
From page 112... ... 112 nutrient demands, 21-23 phenylketonuria and, 2~29 preterm birth risk and, 2025 renal disorders and, 27 systemic health problems and, 25-27 Prenatal visits, 2025 Preterm delivery, 7, 50 causes, 68 interventions, 2025 preconception nutrition and, 16 predictom, 24, 93 prenatal nutrition and risk of, 2~25 by underweight women, 19 Preterm, handicapped, and sick infants adapting to changing needs of, 6~70 anthropometnc changes, 78-79 breast feed i ng , 73-74 comprehensive nutritional care, 67 68, 71, 82 defined, 67 68 delivery of services for, S~88 education and training of providers, 82, 85~6 evaluation of program for, 83 family involvement in care, 82, 103 feeding methods, 5801, 71-76 follow-up care in the community, 83 84 food and fluid intake and output, 76-77 growth patterns, 77, 78 head circumference, 68, 78, 79 infection prevention and detection, 77 intensive care, 80, 81~2, 102 intermediate care, 80, 83, 84, 86 knowledge base and clinical skills of team members, 86 88 laboratory values, 80 length, 78, 79 medical therapies and nutrition, 70 metabolic variables, 77 monitoring, 7~80 nutrient intake, 77 nutrient requirements, 69 nutritional goals, 68 nutrition-related problems, 81 personnel qualifications, 8~85 physical and physiologic limitations in, 70 RDAs, 69 team care, 82, 8~88 weight changes, 79 see also Low-birth-weight intents; Ve~y^low-birth-weight infants INDEX Protein, dietary intake neonatal requirements, 69, 70 phenylketonuria and, 29 RDAs, 22 Providem of nutrition sentences qualifications, 51, 8~6 see also Dietitians RDAs, see Recommended Dietary Allowances Recommendations breastteeding promotion and support, 3, 4, 105 continuity of nutritional care, 2, 3, 1~11, 61, 105 development and testing of implementation strategies, 3, 53, 106 dietitian services, 3, 105 documentation of nutritional care, 3, 105 education and training of practitioners, 3, 52, 104, 105 family involvement in care, 2, To, 103 nutritional care plans, 2, 52, 104 patient~entered, individualized care, 2, 3, 10, 69, 102, 104 payment for special nutrition services, 4, 105-106 preconceptional care, 3,105 previously published, 2, 9~11 team care, 2, 10, 52, 103 Recommended Dietary Allowances, 21, 22, 69 Records computer-based, 97 patient-carried, 95-96 Renal disorders neonatal, 76 and prenatal nutrition, 27, 45, 50 Respiratory distress syndrome, 26, 68, 74, 83 Retinal, excessive amounts of, 17 Riboflavin, RDAs, 22 Shoulder dystocia, 19 Small for gestational age, 78, 79 Sodium restriction, hypertensive disorders and, 26 Special nutrition seances activities, 52-53 adapting to changing needs, 69 - 70 assessment, 27, 50, 52, 54, 69, 82, 87 Read the entire page →
From page 113... ... INDEX components of, 9, 81 84 comprehensive nutritional care, 52, 82 conditions requiring, 67~8 coordination of, 93 delivery of, 5~55, 80~ education and training of providers, 85 86 evaluation of, 83 family involvement, 82 feeding methods, 71-76 follow-up care in the community, 83 84 individualized nutritional care plan, 71 intensive care, 81~2 intermediate care, 83 intervention, 45, 54, 87 88 knowledge base for providers, 53, 86 87 management skills, 5055, 88 maternal health conditions warranting, 17-20, 2~30 medical therapies and, 70 monitoring, 76~0 for neonates, 67 88 overview, 2, 50 payment for, 4, 105-106 personnel, 9, 51, 84~5 physical and physiologic limitations and, 70 postpartum, 33 prepregnancy, 17-20 recipients, 9 training and consultation, 82 Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children, see WIC Study approach and scope, ~9 background information, ~7 focus, 1 - 2 organization of report, 3, 11 purpose, 1, 5 Supplements, see Vitamin/mineral supplements Support groups for mothers, 59~1 Team care composition of team, 103 maternal, 45, 51, 62 neonatal, 70, 75, 84 85 recommendations, 2,10, 52,103 Tobacco smokeless products, 27 113 see also Cigarette smoking Tube feeding gastrostomy, 74-75 maternal, 29 nasogastric, 74 neonatal, 70, 7~75 transpyloric, 75 l~wins/triplets, 33, 60, 61; see also Multiple gestation, and prenatal nutrition Underweight women, adverse pregnancy outcomes, 19 Very-low-birth-weight infants, 6 defined, 67, 78 energy metabolism, 69-70 handicap rates for, 83 84 head circumference, 79 intermediate care for, 83 laboratory values for, 80 nutritional requirements, 72 rates, 67~8 Vitamins deficiency, 21 excessive amounts of, 17 lactation needs, 31 neonatal requirements, 69 postpartum, 30 RDAs, 22 Vitamin/mineral supplements, 45 appropriateness of, 22-23 calcium, 26, 32 cystic fibrosis and, 29 folate, 1~19 HIV infection and, 27 iron, 21 lactation and, 32 multiple pregnancy and, 25 postpartum, 30, 32 preterm birth risk and, 25 Weight, measurement, 44; see also Anthropometnc measurements Weight-for-height (maternal) and birth weight, 23 categories, recommended weight gain by, 23 extremes, 19 fetal effects, 25 low, 25, 44 preconceptional nutrition and, 18 Read the entire page →
From page 114... ... 114 Weight gain, gestational documentation, 42 and fetal growth, 21, 25 low, 25, 29, 45 measurement, 44 recommended ranges, 23 Weight loss HIV infection and, 27 hypertension treatment with, 20 interventions, 27 medications, 33 postpartum nutrition and, 30, 32-33 INDEX WIC, 28 benefits, 46 birth weight and participation in, 5-6, 25, 30 coordination with Maternal and Child Health Program, 9095, 105 eligibility, 46 federal and state funding for, 2021 growth of program, 7 lactation supplements, 32 postpartum participation, 6 referral to, 102 role in provision of nutrition services, 41~2, 62 Read the entire page →

From page 107...

... Index Abortion, spontaneous, 17, 26, 29 Adolescents, 23, 60 Adverse outcomes of pregnancy in low-income women, 93 obesity and, 19 preconceptional nutrition and, 6,16,18 prenatal nutrition and, 6, 20 in underweight women, 19 AIDS, 25, 27, 28, 50; see also HIV infection Alcohol use documentation of, 42 fetal effects, 18, 19, 25, 27 interventions, 45 and prenatal nutrition, 28 and preterm delivery, 25 and zinc excretion, 17 Anemia HIV infection and, 27 iron~eficiengy, 21, 45 nutrient deficiency and, 21 postpartum, 33 in underweight women, 19 Anorexia nervosa, 20 see also Eating disordem Anthropometric measurements, 44, 4S, 63, 78-79 107 Basic nutrition services assessment, 42, 44, 45, 4~49, 63, 102 breastfeeding support, 30, 58 - iO characteristics of, 9 delivery of, 57~4 health maintenance, 44, 49, 63{94 importance of, 5-6 for infants, 61 64 interventions, 45, 49, 64 knowledge base of providers, 48, 62-63 management skills, 49 for neonates, 57-61 overview of, 2, 42 personnel, 9, 43, 62 postpartum, 30 recipients, 9 skills of providers, 4~49, 63 Bedrest, nutritional care during, 25, 44 Birth weight size categories for, 78 WIC participation and, 5~, 25, 30 see also Low-birth-weight infants; Ve~y-low-birth-weight infants Body mass index, weight gain recommendations by, 23

Read the entire page →

From page 108...

... . Calcium lactation needs, 31 neonatal requirements, 69, 70 postpartum, 30 RDAs, 22 supplementation, 26 Celiac disease, 20 Cesarean delivery and breastEeeding, 59 obesity and, 19 postpartum nutrition requirements, 33 Cholestasis, 70, 75 Cigarette smoking cessation programs, 27 fetal effects of, 27 and prenatal nutrition, 27-28 and preterm delivery, 25 prevalence of, 27 INDEX Cocaine, 28, 68; see also Drug abuse Computer-based patient records and systems, 97 Congenital malformations, 17, 18, 68, 75 Continuity of nutritional care approaches for improving, 93 94 challenges to, 93 computer-based patient records and systems, 97 coordinated seances, 94-9S patient-carried health dianes, 95-97 recommendations, 2, 3,1~11, 61,105 referral to outside services' 102 Crohn's disease, 20, 50 Cystic fibrosis, and prenatal nutrition, 29~30, 50 Diabetes mellitus and blood glucose control, 23 24, 26, 33 and congenital malformations, 17 fetal effects, 26, 68 gestational, 19, 26, 33, 43, 45, 50 insulin dependent, 2 multiple gestation and, 25 preconceptional nutrition, 17 preexisting, 6,17, 50 prenatal nutrition, 2, 25-26, 43, 45 Diet data collection, 44 information about, 44 postpartum, 34 Dietitians, 2 communication between providers and, 42 definition, 7n.d neonatal, ~5, 86 preconceptional role of, 18 prenatal role of, 24, 26, 50 qualifications, 51, 62, 84, 85, 86 recommendations, 3, 105 referral to, 45 services provided by, 10, 43, 50 Drug abuse fetal effects of, 25, 68 interventions, 45 and prenatal nutrition, 28, 50 and preterm delivery, 25 Eating disorders (maternal)

Read the entire page →

From page 109...

... INDEX Energy intake diabetes mellitus and, 26 and gestational weight gain, 21 hypertensive disorders and, 26 lactation needs, 31 normal prenatal needs, 23 phenylketonuria and, 29 RDAs, 22 Enteral feeding of neonates defined, 71 formulas, 73 human milk, 72-73 Families, involvement in care, 2, 10, 82, 103 Federal food and nutrition programs and benefits, 45, 46 47 Feeding methods, see Infant feeding methods Fetal alcohol syndrome, 18, 19, 28 Fetal growth restriction alcohol use and, 28 prenatal nutrition and, 21, 25, 50 Folate deficiency, 21 lactation needs, 31 metabolism-altering drugs, 17 and neural tube defects, 1~19 postpartum, 30 RDAs, 22 supplements, 1~19 Food, benefits of federal programs, 4607 Food intake and gestational weight gain, 21 postpartum, 34 see also Diet Gastric banding or stapling, 19, 50 Gastrointestinal disorders HIV infection and, 27 and prenatal nutntion, 2, 27, 29, 45, 50 prepregnancy nutrition and, 2, 20 Gestational age, 78 Glucose intolerance, 25, 30 maternal blood, 17, 2~24, 26, 33 self-monitoring of, 26 Health department, maternal and child health unit, 41 109 Health diaries, patient~arried, 95-97, 105 Health problems indicating a need for special nutrition services neonatal, 67 68 postpartum, 33 preconceptional, 17-20 prenatal, 23 30, 50 Hemoglobin~ematocrit, 21, 31, 44 High-birth-weight babies, 19 HIV infection and breastteeding, 72 fetal effects of, 27 and prenatal nutrition, 27 Home visits, 6, 6061, 62, 64, 71 Hospitals, support of breastfe! eding by, S9 Human immunodeficiengy virus, see Hill infection Human milk banks, 72-73 fortification of, 72 handling and storage of, 74 HIV in, 72, 73 pasteurization of, 73 preterm delivery and, 72 qualities of, 57, 72 tube feeding with, 73-74 Hyperglycemia, 70; see also Diabetes mellitus; Glucose Hyperemesis gravidarum, and prenatal nutrition, 24, 50 Hypertensive disorders obesity and, 19 postpartum weight loss, 32 and prenatal nutrition, 24, 26, 50 Hypoglycemia, 33, 83 Illegal drugs, see Drug abuse; and individual substances Inborn errors of metabolism, 61, 68, 73, 81, 102 Infant feeding methods enteral, 72-75 Buid restriction, 76 formulas, 58, 73 human milk, 57, 7~73 information on, 61 parenteral, 70, 75-76 tube feeding, 70, 7~75 see also Bottle feeding; Breastfeeding

Read the entire page →

From page 110...

... 110 Infants delivery of basic nutrition seances for, 61 64 morbidity, 19 PKU, 18 see also Neonates; Preterm, handicapped, and sick infants Infection, maternal, 25, 26 Insulin, 26, 33 Intensive care, neonatal, 81~2 Intrauterine growth retardation, see Fetal growth restriction Iron deficiency, 21; see also Anemia neonatal requirements, 69 postpartum, 31, 33 RDAs, 22 supplements, 21, 44 Lactation diet and, 31 nutrient and energy needs, 31-32 RDAs, 22, 31 and weight, 32 Lactose intolerance, 43, 45, 73 Liver disorders, 20, SO Low-birth-weight infants causes, 68, 93 defined, 67, 78 maternal PKU and, 18 maternal weight-for-height and, 23 nutritional care and, 6, 9S preconception nutrition and, 16, 30 preterm birth and, 24 rates, 67 68 RDAs, 69 see also Birth weight; Preterm, handicapped, and sick infants Low-income women, 43, 58, 60, 62, 93 Macrosomia, 19, 26 Magnesium lactation needs, 31 RDAs, 22 Malabsorption syndrome, 29, SO Maternal and Child Health Program, 9~95, 10S Maternal morbidity, 19 Medicaid, 6, 7, 41, 95 Mental retardation, IS, 28, 29 INDEX Midwives defined, 10n.e nutrition-related qualifications, 10, 51, 62 Migrant workers, 7, 58, 93, 96 Minerals lactation needs, 31 neonatal requirements, 69, 70 RDAs, 22 Monitoring anthropometric changes, 78-79 food and fluid intake and output, 7~77 head circumference, 79 laboratory values, 80 length of infant, 79 neonates, 76 80 weight changes, 79 Multiple gestation, and prenatal nutrition, 24, 25, 44, 50 Necrotizing enterocolitis, 68, 70, 72, 75 Neonates basic care for, 57-61 breastteeding, 5~61 comprehensive nutritional care, 6102, 82 feeding methods, 58 61, 71 - 76 home visits and other early follow-up, 6~61 hypocalcemia, 21 see also Infants; Low-birth-weight infants; Preterm, handicapped, and sick infants; Ve~y-low-birth-weight infants Neonatologists, 84, 85 Neural tube defects, 18 Newborns, see Neonates Nurses and nume-practitioners, nutrition-related qualifications, 51, 62, 84 86 Nutrients excessive intakes of, 21 normal prenatal needs, 21-23 postpartum replenishment of, 30 31 Nutrition education documentation, 42 in federal programs, 4047 infant feeding, 58, S9, 62, 63 materials, 43 role of dietitians in, 43 Nutrition services changes in content of care, 7 development and testing of implementation strategies, 3, 53, 106

Read the entire page →

From page 111...

... extremes and, 19 Preeclampsia, 19, 25, 26, 32,33 Pregnancy outcomes, see Adverse outcomes of pregnancy Recommended Dietary Allowances, 21, 22 Prenatal care acu~,41 documentation, 42 home visits, 42 model for, 95 providers, 42 strategies to increase utilization, 43 Prenatal nutrition alcohol use and, 28 cigarette smoking and, 27-28 in complicated pregnancies, 23 30, 52 Cystic fibrosis and, 2030 diabetes mellitus and, 25-26 drug abuse and, 28 energy demands, 23 fetal growth restriction and, 25 gastrointestinal disorders and, 29 HIV infection and, 27 hyperemesis gravidarum and, 24 hypertensive disorders and, 26 importance of services, 5 multiple pregnancy and, 25 in normal pregnancies, 21-23

Read the entire page →

From page 112...

... 112 nutrient demands, 21-23 phenylketonuria and, 2~29 preterm birth risk and, 2025 renal disorders and, 27 systemic health problems and, 25-27 Prenatal visits, 2025 Preterm delivery, 7, 50 causes, 68 interventions, 2025 preconception nutrition and, 16 predictom, 24, 93 prenatal nutrition and risk of, 2~25 by underweight women, 19 Preterm, handicapped, and sick infants adapting to changing needs of, 6~70 anthropometnc changes, 78-79 breast feed i ng , 73-74 comprehensive nutritional care, 67 68, 71, 82 defined, 67 68 delivery of services for, S~88 education and training of providers, 82, 85~6 evaluation of program for, 83 family involvement in care, 82, 103 feeding methods, 5801, 71-76 follow-up care in the community, 83 84 food and fluid intake and output, 76-77 growth patterns, 77, 78 head circumference, 68, 78, 79 infection prevention and detection, 77 intensive care, 80, 81~2, 102 intermediate care, 80, 83, 84, 86 knowledge base and clinical skills of team members, 86 88 laboratory values, 80 length, 78, 79 medical therapies and nutrition, 70 metabolic variables, 77 monitoring, 7~80 nutrient intake, 77 nutrient requirements, 69 nutritional goals, 68 nutrition-related problems, 81 personnel qualifications, 8~85 physical and physiologic limitations in, 70 RDAs, 69 team care, 82, 8~88 weight changes, 79 see also Low-birth-weight intents; Ve~y^low-birth-weight infants INDEX Protein, dietary intake neonatal requirements, 69, 70 phenylketonuria and, 29 RDAs, 22 Providem of nutrition sentences qualifications, 51, 8~6 see also Dietitians RDAs, see Recommended Dietary Allowances Recommendations breastteeding promotion and support, 3, 4, 105 continuity of nutritional care, 2, 3, 1~11, 61, 105 development and testing of implementation strategies, 3, 53, 106 dietitian services, 3, 105 documentation of nutritional care, 3, 105 education and training of practitioners, 3, 52, 104, 105 family involvement in care, 2, To, 103 nutritional care plans, 2, 52, 104 patient~entered, individualized care, 2, 3, 10, 69, 102, 104 payment for special nutrition services, 4, 105-106 preconceptional care, 3,105 previously published, 2, 9~11 team care, 2, 10, 52, 103 Recommended Dietary Allowances, 21, 22, 69 Records computer-based, 97 patient-carried, 95-96 Renal disorders neonatal, 76 and prenatal nutrition, 27, 45, 50 Respiratory distress syndrome, 26, 68, 74, 83 Retinal, excessive amounts of, 17 Riboflavin, RDAs, 22 Shoulder dystocia, 19 Small for gestational age, 78, 79 Sodium restriction, hypertensive disorders and, 26 Special nutrition seances activities, 52-53 adapting to changing needs, 69 - 70 assessment, 27, 50, 52, 54, 69, 82, 87

Read the entire page →

From page 113...

... INDEX components of, 9, 81 84 comprehensive nutritional care, 52, 82 conditions requiring, 67~8 coordination of, 93 delivery of, 5~55, 80~ education and training of providers, 85 86 evaluation of, 83 family involvement, 82 feeding methods, 71-76 follow-up care in the community, 83 84 individualized nutritional care plan, 71 intensive care, 81~2 intermediate care, 83 intervention, 45, 54, 87 88 knowledge base for providers, 53, 86 87 management skills, 5055, 88 maternal health conditions warranting, 17-20, 2~30 medical therapies and, 70 monitoring, 76~0 for neonates, 67 88 overview, 2, 50 payment for, 4, 105-106 personnel, 9, 51, 84~5 physical and physiologic limitations and, 70 postpartum, 33 prepregnancy, 17-20 recipients, 9 training and consultation, 82 Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children, see WIC Study approach and scope, ~9 background information, ~7 focus, 1 - 2 organization of report, 3, 11 purpose, 1, 5 Supplements, see Vitamin/mineral supplements Support groups for mothers, 59~1 Team care composition of team, 103 maternal, 45, 51, 62 neonatal, 70, 75, 84 85 recommendations, 2,10, 52,103 Tobacco smokeless products, 27 113 see also Cigarette smoking Tube feeding gastrostomy, 74-75 maternal, 29 nasogastric, 74 neonatal, 70, 7~75 transpyloric, 75 l~wins/triplets, 33, 60, 61; see also Multiple gestation, and prenatal nutrition Underweight women, adverse pregnancy outcomes, 19 Very-low-birth-weight infants, 6 defined, 67, 78 energy metabolism, 69-70 handicap rates for, 83 84 head circumference, 79 intermediate care for, 83 laboratory values for, 80 nutritional requirements, 72 rates, 67~8 Vitamins deficiency, 21 excessive amounts of, 17 lactation needs, 31 neonatal requirements, 69 postpartum, 30 RDAs, 22 Vitamin/mineral supplements, 45 appropriateness of, 22-23 calcium, 26, 32 cystic fibrosis and, 29 folate, 1~19 HIV infection and, 27 iron, 21 lactation and, 32 multiple pregnancy and, 25 postpartum, 30, 32 preterm birth risk and, 25 Weight, measurement, 44; see also Anthropometnc measurements Weight-for-height (maternal) and birth weight, 23 categories, recommended weight gain by, 23 extremes, 19 fetal effects, 25 low, 25, 44 preconceptional nutrition and, 18

Read the entire page →

From page 114...

... 114 Weight gain, gestational documentation, 42 and fetal growth, 21, 25 low, 25, 29, 45 measurement, 44 recommended ranges, 23 Weight loss HIV infection and, 27 hypertension treatment with, 20 interventions, 27 medications, 33 postpartum nutrition and, 30, 32-33 INDEX WIC, 28 benefits, 46 birth weight and participation in, 5-6, 25, 30 coordination with Maternal and Child Health Program, 9095, 105 eligibility, 46 federal and state funding for, 2021 growth of program, 7 lactation supplements, 32 postpartum participation, 6 referral to, 102 role in provision of nutrition services, 41~2, 62

Read the entire page →

← Previous Chapter Skim

This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.

Index Pages 107-114

Index
Pages 107-114