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9 A VISION OF THE FUTURE
Pages 305-310

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From page 305...
... Human causes are major contributing factors in most marine accidents. The research literature needed to support improvements in the marine navigation and piloting system, especially research related to human systems and organizational processes, is limited; this research base needs to be developed as a foundation for providing clear and specific prescriptions for improvement.
From page 306...
... merchant fleet provide limited leverage for negotiating improvements in international marine safety measures. The imposition of unilateral measures by the United States to force improvements to reduce operational and environmental risk will depend on the adequacy of international marine safety guidelines, the degree to which flag states adhere to them, and the effectiveness of port-state control in enforcing flag state international treaty obligations.
From page 307...
... Marine traffic regulation and marine pilotage authorities will require technical support in assessing the adequacy of channel design to support these operations. Navigation and Piloting Technology Advanced navigation technologies offer great potential to provide instantaneous and highly accurate positioning support under all operating conditions and to permit adherence to more-precise paths than are now possible.
From page 308...
... Some operators of foreign-flag ships on regular routes may seek to reduce operating costs by attempting to substitute advanced navigation technologies for local marine pilots. Replacement of vessel personnel with automated systems could increase the functional responsibilities of the remaining personnel while also leaving vessels with minimum crews during operations in pilot waters where hazards abound, or during emergencies aboard ship or in the waterways.
From page 309...
... Coast Guard responsibility, although that agency's resource constraints across its multimission responsibilities are likely to continue. Apart groin marine pilotage and special environmental safety requirements, such as for tug escorts, exercise of marine safety measures by U.S.


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