An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Center for Neutron Research Fiscal Year 2015 (2015) / Chapter Skim
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3 Scientific and Technological Problems Investigated at the NCNR
3 Scientific and Technological Problems Investigated at the NCNR
Pages 8-12
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From page 8... ...
The NCNR provides the nation and the international community with the neutron-scattering facilities, associated measurement techniques, and fundamental knowledge necessary to advance our understanding of how soft materials are spatially configured and how they respond temporally to forces at length scales ranging from 1 to 10,000 nm. This effort draws on an extensive suite of instruments currently in operation or under development, including five small-angle neutron scattering (SANS)
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From page 9... ...
When subjected to shearing flows, these soft solids flow, but not homogeneously. Using a rheological tool designed at the NCNR and operated in conjunction with several SANS instruments, team members were able to unravel how the evolution of a branched micelle structure during shearing resulted in the inhomogeneous flow behavior, and they were able to connect this morphological transition to the applied forces.
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From page 10... ...
In particular, the recent polarized neutron reflectivity studies performed at the NCNR have beautifully resolved complex interfacial magnetism in oxide thinfilm assemblies, which would not have been amenable to study by other techniques. Inelastic neutron scattering is well known as a powerful probe of lattice dynamics, and measurements of phonon dispersions and densities of state in new materials on BT7 have made important contributions in this area.
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From page 11... ...
in a cleaner, safer way, if the energy density storage requirements can be met to be competitive with gasoline or compressed natural gas. Work at the NCNR using neutron powder diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering, coupled with density functional methods to calculate electronic structure and energies from first principles, has given insight into the mechanisms of methane adsorption in MOFs and the importance of open metal sites in these compounds and possible modifications of the structures -- for example, with linker functionalization -- to begin to approach the Department of Energy (DOE)
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From page 12... ...
The contrast between rocks and hydrogen-containing fluids opens the possibility of following fluid-penetration through porous rocks as a function of time; the superior penetration ability of neutrons offers the possibility of imaging hydrogen fuel cells in operando, of imaging turbine blades, and following the time development of the curing process in concrete. The NCNR has built a facility to perform simultaneous tomography capabilities using neutrons and x rays, enabling imaging at 10-20 micron resolution.
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