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Analytic Research Foundations for the Next-Generation Electric Grid (2016) / Chapter Skim
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5 Preparing for the Future
Pages 84-92

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From page 84...
... UNCERTAINTY IN WHAT LIES AHEAD The grid of today is changing with the rapid integration of renewable energy resources such as wind and solar photovoltaic (PV) and the retirement of substantial amounts of coal generation.
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From page 85...
... The voltages are measured using potential transformers (PTs) , which utilize traditional transformer technology of two windings coiled on a common magnetic core to similarly proportionally reduce the line voltage to a voltage suitable for instrumentation.
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From page 86...
... . Researchers are looking at PMU data to expedite resolution of operating events such as voltage stability and fault location and to quickly diagnose equipment problems such as failing instrument transformers and negative current imbalances.
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From page 87...
... Various teleprotection schemes and technologies have been developed over the past several decades to achieve improved reliability by leveraging available communications technologies. In addition, microprocessor-based protective relays have been able to improve the selectivity and reliability of fault isolation, including advanced features such as fault location.
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From page 88...
... MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL CHALLENGES IN GRID ARCHITECTURES At present, the system is operated according to practices whose theoretical foundations require reexamination. In one such practice, industry often uses linearized modes in order to overcome nonlinear temporal dynamics.
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From page 89...
... Shown in Figure 5.2a is the actual grid, comprising a large diesel power plant, small controllable hydro, and wind power plant. Following today's modeling approaches, this grid gets reduced to a power grid, shown in Figure 5.2b, in which the distributed energy resources are balanced with the load.
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From page 90...
... Notably, the same grid becomes much more observable and controllable. Designing adequate SCADA architecture for integrating more PVs and wind power generation and ultimately retiring the main fossil power plants requires such new models.
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From page 91...
... Full distribution automation also includes reconfiguration and remote switching. MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTATIONAL CHALLENGES IN MANAGING INTERDEPENDENCIES BETWEEN THE TRANSMISSION AND LOCAL DISTRIBUTION GRIDS/MICROGRIDS Based on the preceding description of representative power grid architectures, it is fairly straightforward to recognize that different grid architectures present different mathematical and computational challenges for the existing methods and practices.
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From page 92...
... 2011. Fast estimation of the state of the power grid using synchronized phasor measurements.
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Key Terms

  • power grid
  • energy resources
  • distributed energy
  • power plant
  • computational challenges

  • research foundations
  • grid architectures
  • natural gas
  • fault location
  • power generation

  • power output
  • distributed generation
  • energy conversion
  • responsive demand
  • systematic framework

  • state estimator
  • state estimation
  • wind power
  • distribution grid
  • overcome nonlinear

  • local distribution
  • nondispatchable generation
  • pmu data
  • control strategies
  • computational methods

  • coordinated control
  • operating conditions
  • linear state
  • dynamical model
  • line limits


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