Science and Stewardship in the Antarctic (1993) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix A: Tourism
Appendix A: Tourism
Pages 87-103
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From page 87... ...
The numbers given do not include officers, crew, and cruise staff of tour ships; Distinguished Visitors of the U.S. Antarctic Program and other national antarctic program personnel; government officials; journalists; official inspection team members; or passengers overflying the continent.
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From page 88... ...
Although Article VII(5) of the Antarctic Meaty requires each Contracting Party to provide advance notification to other Contracting Parties of All expeditions to and within Antarctica, on the part of its ships or nationals, and all expeditions to Antarctica organized in or proceeding from its territory," some visits undoubtedly go unreported by foreign tour companies and operators of small yachts.
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From page 89... ...
Itineraries presently being offered range in length from 15 to 30 days, depending on the places visited. Some itineraries include only the Antarctic Peninsula, South Shetlands, and South Orkneys, while others include destinations outside of the Antarctic Tteaty Area, such as the Falkland Islands, South Georgia, the Chilean fjords, or the subantarctic islands of Australia and New Zealand.
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From page 90... ...
However, each additional ship increases likelihood of disaster (Storehouse, 1992~. Such fears became reality when, on January 28, 1989, the Bahia Paraiso, an Argentine Naval supply ship that was carrying 81 fare-paying passengers, ran aground in Arthur Harbor, near Palmer Station, the U.S.
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From page 91... ...
Cuverville Island 1990-91 Season Site Almirante Brown Station, Paradise Bay Whalers Bay, Deception Island Petermann Island Gonzalez ~~dela/Waterboat Point, Paradise Bay Pendulum Cove, Deception Island Palmer Station, Anvers Island 1991-92 Season Site Almirante Brown Station, Paradise Bay Half Moon Island Whalers Bay, Deception Island CuveIville Island Port Lockroy, W~encke Island Pendulum Cove, Deception Island 1992-93 Season: S Cuverville Island Pendulum Cove, Deception Island Port Lockroy, Entendre Island Whalers Ray, Deception Island Gonzalez Videla/Waterboat Point, Paradise Bay Number of visits Number of tourists 17 11 10 10 9 8 8 1682 1252 1191 1191 1038 930 883 Number of visits Number of tourists 16 13 11 10 10 9 1471 1496 1084 1965 1215 923 Number of visits Number of tourists 26 25 23 21 19 19 2889 2984 2889 2565 2615 2011 Number of visits Number of tourists 25 23 22 22 19 1589 1936 2139 1711 1671 Almirante Brown Station, Paradise Bay 19 1659 Half Moon Island 14 585 91 These figures account only for visits reported by U.S.-based tour operators. Actual passenger numbed for these sites may therefore be higher than indicated (N.
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From page 92... ...
Moreover, scientific activities may also benefit, since tourist visits can provide a useful link with the outside world and strengthen political support for Antarctic science, and small, independent expeditions to remote areas often make valuable scientific observations. On the other hand, there is the potential for undesirable impacts such as disturbance at wildlife breeding sites, trampling of vegetation, disruption of routines at stations and of scientific programmer, and the environmental hazards of accidents, which may require time-consuming and costly search-and-rescue and environmental cleanup operations.
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From page 93... ...
As ASMAs may include "sites or monuments of recognized historic value," which are of interest to tourists, management plans will be required to detail a Code of Conduct for activities within the areas as well as identifying which activities are to be managed, restricted, or prohibited. Annex IV, Prevention of Marine Pollution, applies "with respect to each Partner, to ships entitled to fly its flag and to any other ship engaged in or supporting its Antarctic operations, while operating in the Antarctic Treaty Area." As U.S.-based companies currently organize voyages to Antarctica using vessels registered in non-~eaty Party nations (e.g., Liberia, Bahamas)
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From page 94... ...
127 6,293 * = In 1981/82, some 510 passengers traveled by both ship and airy ng one or both ways to or from President Frei Station as part of a tour offered by a Chilean company which chartered the World Discoverer.
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From page 95... ...
In view of the potential effects of tourism on antarctic scientific and environmental goals, it is important that governance arrangements, including the work of the Committee for Environmental Protection, take account of such activities. It is also desirable that, to the extent feasible, governance arrangements seek to ensure that environmental regulations perhaps modeled on the IAATO Visitor and Our Operator Guidelines—extend on a uniform basis to all visitors and tour operators in Antarctica.
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From page 96... ...
maintain a distance of at least 15 feet (4.5 meters) from penguins, all nesting birds and true seals (crawling seals)
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From page 97... ...
LICHENS, MOSSES and GRASSES. Poor soil and harsh living conditions mean growth and regeneration of these plants is extremely slow.
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From page 98... ...
Harmful Interference Appropriate efforts will be taken to ensure that harmful interference is minimized in order that normal living conditions of any native mammal or bird are protected. Harmful interference includes any disturbance of bird and seal colonies during the breeding period by persistent attention from persons on foot.
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From page 99... ...
was adopted by the United States Congress to protect and preserve the ecosystem, flora and fauna of the continent, and to implement the Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora. The Act sets forth regulations which are legally binding for U.S.
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From page 100... ...
100 Science and Stewardship in the Antarctic By encouraging your fellow expeditioners to follow your environmentallyconscious efforts you will help us to ensure that Antarctica will remain pristine for the enjoyment of future generations. Thank you in advance for your cooperation.
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From page 101... ...
Hire a professional team, including qualified, well-trained and experienced expedition leaders, cruise directors, officers, and crew. Place an emphasis on lecturers and naturalists who will not only talk about the wildlife, history and geology, but also guide passengers when ashore.
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From page 102... ...
Educate and brief the crew on the IAATO Guidelines of Conduct for Antarctica Visitors, the Agreed Measures for the Conservation of Antarctic Fauna and Flora, the Marine Mammal Protection Act of 1972 and the Antarctic Conservation Act of 1978, and make sure they are consistently enforced. We encourage tour operators to give slide illustrated talks to the crew and offer guided tours ashore, in order to stimulate the crew's interest in Antarctica and to make sure that they also understand the need for the environmental protection of the region.
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From page 103... ...
18. Respect historic huts, scientific markers and monitoring devices.
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