Gene Drives on the Horizon Advancing Science, Navigating Uncertainty, and Aligning Research with Public Values (2016) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix E A Brief History of Ecological Risk Assessment
Appendix E A Brief History of Ecological Risk Assessment
Pages 201-209
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The workshop also called for methods to quantify the weight-of-evidence process, and recognized that ecological risk assessments should include the effects of chemical and non-chemical stressors at various organismal and ecological levels of organization and spatial scales. Finally, the workshop identified the need to develop methods to estimate cumulative risk assessments, together with techniques to deal with the reality that a number of stressors exist in the environment, not just the one of current regulatory interest.
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The following sections discuss the evolution of key aspects of ecological risk assessment, as well as specific applications, that may help to inform risk assessment approaches for genedrive modified organisms. CUMULATIVE RISK ASSESSMENT Chapter 7 of the 2009 NRC report Science and Decisions: Advancing Risk Assessment, titled Implementing Cumulative Risk Assessment, is especially pertinent to the risk assessment of gene-drive modified organisms, because it defines cumulative risk assessment and elucidates the importance of expanding risk assessment beyond a narrow focus on a specific stressor.
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(2004b) into a generic conceptual model for invasive species following the basic formula previously used for the relative risk model (Landis and Wiegers, 1997)
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(2016) listed 11 practical steps for improving future ecological risk assessments: 1.
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. APPLYING ECOLOGICAL RISK ASSESSMENT TO GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS The development and release of genetically modified organisms brings many of the same ecological considerations as the development and potential release of gene-drive modified organisms.
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Selecting appropriate test species is an important task in ecological risk assessment. In a review of the criteria for selecting arthropod species for testing to derive ecological risks from crops genetically modified for insect resistance, Romeis et al.
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Section IC of the report describes a range of potential scenarios and maps the locations of rearing sites and program activities. Section III, Affected Environment, provides a detailed listing of the range of environments where the genetically modified organisms would be used.
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2007. Conceptual model development for invasive species and a regional risk assessment case study: The European green crab, Carcinus maenas, at Cherry Point, Washing ton.
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Pp. 11-36 in Regional Scale Ecological Risk Assessment Using the Relative Risk Model, W.G.
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