An Assessment of the National Institute of Standards and Technology Physical Measurement Laboratory Fiscal Year 2015 (2016) / Chapter Skim
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2 Applied Physics and Quantum Electromagnetics Divisions
2 Applied Physics and Quantum Electromagnetics Divisions
Pages 9-17
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From page 9... ...
Applied Physics Division The APD develops measurement science over broad spans of the electromagnetic spectrum, addressing national priorities that include advanced manufacturing, national security, quantum science, climate change, and biomedical imaging. It consists of seven technical groups: Advanced Microwave Photonics Group, Faint Photonics Group, Fiber Sources and Applications Group, Magnetic Imaging Group, Sources and Detectors Group, Quantitative Nanocharacterization Group, and Quantum Nanophotonics Group.
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From page 10... ...
The Superconductive Electronics Group develops and characterizes voltage standards based on quantized magnetic flux in superconducting Josephson devices and investigates devices for advanced computers based on superconducting logic and memory. ASSESSMENT OF TECHNICAL WORK AND DISSEMINATION OF OUTPUTS Quantum Information Quantum Optics and Processing Quantum optics and processing activities fall under the overall topic of quantum processing, which includes novel measurements and devices for the integration of quantum systems into information processing architectures.
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From page 11... ...
Quantum optical communications requires generation and detection of single photons to produce entangled photon pairs. The project is developing sources and detectors for quantum states of light based on self-assembled quantum dots embedded in high-Q photonic crystal optical cavities for application to single-photon sources, laser diodes, and quantum optical metrology.
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Molecular and Biophotonics The Molecular and Biophotonics Group works to develop methodologies for quantitative optical medical imaging based on several diverse techniques, including optical coherence tomography (OCT) , hyperspectral imaging (HSI)
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From page 13... ...
. Quantitative Nanocharacterization The Quantitative Nanostructure Characterization Group has developed an advanced optoelectronic probe tip for near-field scanning microscopy that is based on the integration of gallium nitride nanowires with silicon scanning probe cantilevers.
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The group is among the best in the world in the fabrication of high quantum efficiency integrated transition edge sensors (TES) and ultra-low-noise SQUID readouts for photon detection over a broad range of photon energies.
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From page 15... ...
The quantization of magnetic flux in a Josephson junction make this device a perfect frequency-to-voltage converter; since frequency is perhaps the most precisely defined quantity, this provides a path to a very precise voltage standard. Realization of a voltage standard requires synchronous operation of a large number of junctions in series, which is enabled by the excellent microfabrication facilities that are part of the Quantum Electromagnetics Division.
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From page 16... ...
technology but are unable to meet the demands for the combination of materials grown and processed in Boulder. The processing facilities are state-of-the-art and appear to be staffed by knowledgeable personnel and utilized by a broad range of scientists in the Advanced Microwave Photonics, Magnetic Imaging, Sources and Detectors, Quantitative Nanocharacterization, Quantum Sensors, Superconductive Electronics, Quantum Processing Faint Photonics, and Quantum Nanophotonics groups.
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From page 17... ...
These priorities are advanced measurement dissemination, photonics, measurement science for future computing devices, quantum information, and physical measurements in biophysics and biomedicine. These divisions excel at advancing the frontiers of measurement science through new technology and at making sure this technology has impact through dissemination of technology and through interactions with key stakeholders in industry and elsewhere.
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