Crossing Solutions at Roundabouts and Channelized Turn Lanes for Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities: A Guidebook (2017) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 104-121
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From page 104... ...
104 A P P E N D I X B This appendix provides an overview of pedestrian crossing treatments that were evaluated in this and prior research. The discussion for each treatment includes a description of its functionality and purpose, an estimate of installation cost, field test results for application to roundabouts and/or CTLs, limitations of the treatments, and links to additional resources and information.
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Summary of Crossing Treatments 105 Figure B-1. PHB at a two-lane roundabout.
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106 Crossing Solutions at Roundabouts and Channelized Turn Lanes for Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities: A Guidebook Limitations Driver education may be required for the alternating flashing red signals; drivers are more likely to stop for a familiar control device such as a traffic signal. Driver unfamiliarity with a treatment, as well as installation of a treatment in an unexpected location, may result in reduced compliance with the red signal indication.
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Summary of Crossing Treatments 107 Assumptions • Installation at existing multilane roundabout • One signal cabinet (with controller) and service cabinet per roundabout (included in initial leg cost)
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108 Crossing Solutions at Roundabouts and Channelized Turn Lanes for Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities: A Guidebook Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon Crossing improvement category: Driver information treatment Purpose(s) : User-actuated supplement for static warning signs Cost (per leg)
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Summary of Crossing Treatments 109 Two of the studied entry legs had 0% interventions. Of the twelve studied exit legs, six had 10% or more interventions and five out of 12 had 5% or less interventions.
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110 Crossing Solutions at Roundabouts and Channelized Turn Lanes for Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities: A Guidebook The Oakland County results show improvements in interventions and delay with installation of the RRFB only, but show that the addition of the raised crosswalk made a more drastic difference in the accessibility performance. Consistent with findings from the FHWA study, the speed-reduction effect of the raised crosswalk greatly reduced interventions and delays for this location.
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Summary of Crossing Treatments 111 Assumptions • Installation at existing multilane roundabout • Pole-mounted installation • One RRFB cabinet/controller per approach direction (two per leg) • Accessible (audible)
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112 Crossing Solutions at Roundabouts and Channelized Turn Lanes for Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities: A Guidebook Raised pedestrian crossings (RPC) or raised crosswalks are essentially speed tables installed at crossings on approaches of an intersection or mid-block locations.
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Summary of Crossing Treatments 113 In this research, raised crosswalks were tested at five CTLs, with three of those resulting in 0% to 2% interventions. For two sites, the intervention rates were 8%, which was attributed to added effects of poor pedestrian visibility and high ambient noise.
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114 Crossing Solutions at Roundabouts and Channelized Turn Lanes for Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities: A Guidebook Sound Strips Crossing improvement category: Pedestrian information treatment Purpose(s) : Provide pedestrians with audible information to make informed crossing decisions Installation cost: Less than $5000 per leg Sound strips are installed at roundabouts and CTLs primarily to provide auditory cues to blind pedestrians.
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Summary of Crossing Treatments 115 information about the availability of crossable gaps. As an added benefit, the driver may be more cautious when approaching the crosswalk due to the additional sound cue provided by the treatment.
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116 Crossing Solutions at Roundabouts and Channelized Turn Lanes for Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities: A Guidebook Limitations Sound strips have not been fully developed as a functional crossing treatment and should be further investigated. The treatment studied at the Charlotte intersection was a temporary raised marking strip approximately ¼ in.
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From page 117... ...
Summary of Crossing Treatments 117 Effectiveness A flashing yellow beacon was studied at an intersection with CTLs in Charlotte, North Carolina, as a supplement to sound strips. The results found a decrease in orientation and mobility interventions, as well as average pedestrian delay over the pre-treatment condition, as well as some added benefit over the sound strip only location.
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From page 118... ...
118 Crossing Solutions at Roundabouts and Channelized Turn Lanes for Pedestrians with Vision Disabilities: A Guidebook Assumptions • Installation at existing multilane roundabout • Pole-mounted installation • One flashing beacon cabinet/controller per approach direction (two per leg) • Accessible (audible)
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Summary of Crossing Treatments 119 References Bushell, M
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Abbreviations and acronyms used without definitions in TRB publications: A4A Airlines for America AAAE American Association of Airport Executives AASHO American Association of State Highway Officials AASHTO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials ACI–NA Airports Council International–North America ACRP Airport Cooperative Research Program ADA Americans with Disabilities Act APTA American Public Transportation Association ASCE American Society of Civil Engineers ASME American Society of Mechanical Engineers ASTM American Society for Testing and Materials ATA American Trucking Associations CTAA Community Transportation Association of America CTBSSP Commercial Truck and Bus Safety Synthesis Program DHS Department of Homeland Security DOE Department of Energy EPA Environmental Protection Agency FAA Federal Aviation Administration FAST Fixing America's Surface Transportation Act (2015) FHWA Federal Highway Administration FMCSA Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration FRA Federal Railroad Administration FTA Federal Transit Administration HMCRP Hazardous Materials Cooperative Research Program IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers ISTEA Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act of 1991 ITE Institute of Transportation Engineers MAP-21 Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century Act (2012)
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ISBN 978-0-309-44610-5 9 780309 446105 9 0 0 0 0 TRA N SPO RTATIO N RESEA RCH BO A RD 500 Fifth Street, N W W ashington, D C 20001 A D D RESS SERV ICE REQ U ESTED N O N -PR O FIT O R G .
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