Control of Concrete Cracking in Bridges (2017) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 31-39
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From page 31... ...
31 Concrete constituent materials have an important impact on cracking, particularly in bridge decks, because they affect the magnitude of shrinkage. ConCrete Constituent Materials for Bridge deCks The primary benefit achieved by careful selection of concrete constituents is the reduction in drying shrinkage and the associated reduction in cracking.
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From page 32... ...
32 Because it is difficult to find a concrete mix that embodies all of these long-term and short-term properties, priority should be given to a mix with the lowest shrinkage because it is the free shrinkage of the deck that serves as a catalyst for the creation of tensile stresses in the CIP topping (Menkulasi et al.
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33 expansive component that causes the concrete to expand during the first few days. Thereafter, the concrete shrinks in a manner similar to that of conventional concrete (ACI Committee 223 2010)
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34 yuan et al.
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35 The data indicate that agencies use a variety of the chemical admixtures specified in AASHTO M 194, with Type A–water-reducing and Type F–high-range, water-reducing being used most frequently and Type E–water-reducing and accelerating used the least. Corrosion inhibitors, SRAs, and expansive cements or components are used by only a few agencies.
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From page 36... ...
36 The rest is there to provide workability and finishability. The excess free water that remains in the hardened concrete contributes to the drying shrinkage.
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37 In all structures, a reduction in concrete shrinkage will reduce the tendency for shrinkage cracking (ACI Committee 224 2008)
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38 According to Bentz and Weiss (2011) , there were no negatives associated with using internal curing on the New york State bridges; however, the potential benefits need to be quantified through comparisons with conventional concrete bridge deck materials.
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From page 39... ...
39 rado. Internally cured mixtures minimized autogenous shrinkage and caused initial expansion (or swelling)
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