The National Academies Press

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From page 56... ... 56 C h a p t e r 6 Purpose of This Chapter Once a park-and-ride facility is built, the facility requires ongoing management, operations, and maintenance. Transit agencies approach park-and-ride operations in a variety of ways -- from fully in-house to fully outsourced operations (and all approaches in between) Read the entire page →
From page 57... ... Operating park-and-ride 57 Park-and-Ride Operation Needs This section serves as an extensive (not exhaustive) inventory of ongoing operational requirements for park-and-ride facilities and provides the guidebook user with an opportunity to gain awareness of the operating activities and expenses to keep a park-and-ride operating smoothly. Read the entire page →
From page 58... ... 58 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities The cost of insurance should be incorporated into the operating costs of a park-and-ride. This cost may be either the direct cost of purchased insurance for the facility or the distributed or implicit cost in the case of a transit agency that is self-insured (APTA 2015) Read the entire page →
From page 59... ... Operating park-and-ride 59 Figure 6. Example of park-and-ride rule signage at Northgate in Seattle. Read the entire page →
From page 60... ... 60 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities Figure 7. Posting of park-and-ride rules, Seattle, Washington. Read the entire page →
From page 61... ... Operating park-and-ride 61 sponsors not to expect to be able to use a UTA facility on a given day just because it has been allowed to in the past. UTA may need to accommodate higher-than-normal transit parking at the facility on the same date as the event (for example, due to another event occurring elsewhere in the region) Read the entire page →
From page 62... ... 62 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities Trash receptacles must be emptied on a regular basis and with enough frequency to avoid trash overflowing. Transit agencies have many options for how to manage trash receptacles: • The local jurisdiction may empty and maintain trash receptacles. Read the entire page →
From page 63... ... Operating park-and-ride 63 or vending machines. These amenities add to the required maintenance of the break room but also improve employee working conditions. Read the entire page →
From page 64... ... 64 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities Sworn police officers or hired security personnel may perform on-site security, depending on transit agency preference and local factors. Due to the geographically dispersed nature of a transit agency's park-and-ride facilities, it may be beneficial to establish memoranda of understanding with local law enforcement entities. Read the entire page →
From page 65... ... Operating park-and-ride 65 Figure 8. Example of a crime prevention inspection checklist from DART. Read the entire page →
From page 66... ... 66 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities Parking Regulation Enforcement Park-and-ride facilities need security inspections and also regular enforcement of parking rules and regulations. Some typical enforcement issues are: • Use of handicapped spaces. Read the entire page →
From page 67... ... Operating park-and-ride 67 Towing of Vehicles Although most transit agencies reported having a policy to tow or impound vehicles at the owner's expense (usually for the customer leaving the vehicle parked for too long) , transit agencies should carefully consider the implications of towing a vehicle from park-and-rides that are in remote locations. Read the entire page →
From page 68... ... 68 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities Customer Service and Complaint Handling Customers can provide important and timely information about issues at a park-and-ride facility. Transit agencies need to incorporate feedback specific to park-and-rides into the normal feedback-handling processes and have protocols to triage customer feedback and take corrective action, if necessary. Read the entire page →
From page 69... ... Operating park-and-ride 69 the decision of whether to manage the facility in-house or contract O&M. These strengths and challenges are discussed in three categories for the two main types of operations: • Staffing and resource requirements. Read the entire page →
From page 70... ... 70 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities expanded. However, when deciding whether to operate in-house or contract out, transit agencies should carefully separate any new costs (for staff or resources that do not already exist, e.g., dedicated staff for parking enforcement) Read the entire page →
From page 71... ... Operating park-and-ride 71 Contracted Services. The park-and-ride–related activities that case study transit agencies contract out include: • Snow removal. Read the entire page →
From page 72... ... 72 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities • Transit agencies that charged fees: – Were focused on growth or utilization of parking. – Had high parking demand. Read the entire page →
From page 73... ... Operating park-and-ride 73 Reduced Risk to Fluctuations in Parking Utilization If a park-and-ride contract is designed so that the cost of the contract (or revenue from the contract) is dependent upon parking utilization, transit agencies may wish to consider reducing the risk of dips in parking utilization. Read the entire page →
From page 74... ... 74 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities • Some transit agencies have the philosophy that an empty space is not an efficient use of resources. The transit agency may wish to set a goal for not less than 90 percent average utilization. Read the entire page →
From page 75... ... Operating park-and-ride 75 limit the duration of parking. For example, UTA prohibits multiday parking when a facility reaches 80 percent utilization. Read the entire page →
From page 76... ... 76 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities • Encouraging the use of ridesourcing companies by allowing these companies to use existing kiss-and-ride areas or by dedicating curb space for passenger loading and unloading. • Increasing bicycling by providing better bike access and parking infrastructure, including bike lockers or an enclosed storage area. Read the entire page →
From page 77... ... Operating park-and-ride 77 Several transit agencies, including CTA, BART, and Denver RTD, use parking fees as a tool for managing demand. Some case study transit agencies provided specific information about parking fees as a demand management tool. Read the entire page →
From page 78... ... 78 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities Strategies to Increase Demand On the opposite end of the spectrum, some park-and-rides may have lower-than-desired levels of demand. There are several possible options for dealing with excess parking capacity. Read the entire page →
From page 79... ... Operating park-and-ride 79 A utilization rate is normally expressed as a percentage of parking spaces occupied out of all available parking spaces. Utilization rate Number of occupied spaces Number of available spaces 100= × Presentation of Utilization Rate Data Table 9 and Table 10 provide an example of a typical presentation of utilization rate data. Read the entire page →
From page 80... ... 80 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities transit agency's control can influence parking demand (e.g., increases in the price of downtown parking may increase park-and-ride demand) Read the entire page →
From page 81... ... Operating park-and-ride 81 supervisors to collect the data) or using technology such as license plate scanning technology (used by Denver RTD) Read the entire page →
From page 82... ... 82 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities Daily Cost per Space A daily cost-per-space measure can help transit agencies track trends in ongoing operations and maintenance costs, plan for operating costs when building or expanding facilities, and evaluate approaches to operating park-and-rides (e.g., in-house versus contracted management) Read the entire page →
From page 83... ... Operating park-and-ride 83 =Daily cost per space Total annual parking operating cost Total annual daily available spaces Where: Total annual daily available spaces Number of spaces Number of spaces . Read the entire page →
From page 84... ... 84 Decision-Making toolbox to plan and Manage park-and-ride Facilities detail to allocate to park-and-ride operations. These costs should include all or a portion of the following expenses, in addition to others that the transit agency deems applicable: • The fees paid to the parking contractor (if applicable to contracted operations) Read the entire page →

From page 56...

... 56 C h a p t e r 6 Purpose of This Chapter Once a park-and-ride facility is built, the facility requires ongoing management, operations, and maintenance. Transit agencies approach park-and-ride operations in a variety of ways -- from fully in-house to fully outsourced operations (and all approaches in between)