In-Service Performance Evaluation of Guardrail End Treatments (2018) / Chapter Skim
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1 Summary Roadside safety devices are designed to reduce the risk of occupant injuries when a vehicle runs off the road. New devices are evaluated by crash testing: the device is installed at a test facility, a vehicle collides with it, and engineers assess the consequences of the crash.
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2 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF GUARDRAIL END TREATMENTS CONCLUSIONS Need for In-Service Evaluation In-service evaluation can help to ensure that roadside safety devices effectively reduce the risk of injuries and fatalities. Crash testing cannot reproduce the variety of characteristics of crash dynamics, sites, and installations that affect crash outcomes.
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SUMMARY 3 Evaluation of Roadside Safety Devices Other Than Guardrail End Treatments In-service evaluation is equally justified for all roadside safety devices (including barriers, crash cushions, end treatments, and support structures)
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4 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF GUARDRAIL END TREATMENTS Evaluation Methods A program of in-service evaluation of roadside safety devices (whether a national program of evaluation research or routine evaluation by a state highway agency) will have three essential components: • An administrative and planning structure that defines evaluation objectives, the scope of evaluation, and responsibilities for evaluation and that oversees the application of results; • General-purpose data systems for recording roadway and traffic characteristics, maintenance activities, and crashes that are adequate to support the objectives of the evaluations; and • An evaluation methodology that specifies performance measures and methods for computing them.
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SUMMARY 5 RECOMMENDATIONS Validation of Crash Test Procedures The U.S. Department of Transportation (U.S.
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6 PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF GUARDRAIL END TREATMENTS Assessment of Simulation Modeling The crash test validation research program should include an assessment of the usefulness of simulation models in conjunction with crash testing to certify new device designs. In-service evaluation findings and crash test results can support the specification and validation of simulation models of vehicle collisions with roadside safety devices.
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SUMMARY 7 of device types to be installed at particular locations and the priorities for maintenance and replacement of the devices. The recommended exploratory analysis would provide a basis for deciding the appropriate scale and direction of future research on development and application of crash severity models.
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