Improving Understanding of the Roots and Trajectories of Violent Extremism Proceedings of a Workshop–in Brief (2017) / Chapter Skim
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Improving Understanding of the Roots and Trajectories of Violent Extremism: Proceedings of a Workshop - in Brief
Improving Understanding of the Roots and Trajectories of Violent Extremism: Proceedings of a Workshop - in Brief
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At the beginning of the workshop, Valery Tishkov, president of the Russian Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, highlighted the contributions of earlier U.S.-Russian academic collaboration in promoting research on conflict in multiethnic societies and in improving the framework and priorities for academic research. Of particular importance was a landmark report on conflict and reconstruction developed by leading specialists from Russia and the United States 14 years earlier (National Research Council, 2004)
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SESSION 1: ROOTS, PROFILES, AND CASE STUDIES OF OUTBREAKS OF VIOLENT EXTREMISM Scott Atran (CNRS Institut Jean Nicod-Ecole and University of Michigan) reported on "devoted actors," who adhere to sacred or transcendent values that generate terrorist actions that quickly exceed rationally expected outcomes, calculated costs and consequences, and risks and rewards.
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The Middle East: Darkness Before the Dawn? Regional Conflicts and the Future of the Global Community.
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, also support academic research relevant to violent extremism. The motivations for these investments include identifying research questions that otherwise would be missed, incentivizing researchers to focus on fields of critical relevance to the agency's mission, and fostering a community of potential subject matter experts on defense topics and global regions of particular interest.
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SESSION 3: REGIONAL CONTEXT AND GEOPOLITICS OF EXTREMISM William Courtney (Rand Corporation) stated that while he believes the West could do more to assist Central Asian countries in countering violent extremism, cooperation is not a high priority.
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Employing new geo-referenced social media data on the online behavior of thousands of Islamic State supporters in France, the United Kingdom, Germany, and Belgium, she showed that local-level, off-line measures of anti-Muslim hostility strongly correlate with pro-ISIS radicalization online. Her research shows that, in areas where anti-Muslim hostility is high, Islamic State supporters tend to post a greater number of social media messages sympathizing with ISIS, discussing foreign fighters, and expressing anti-West sentiment.
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Sample observations of individual participants on carrying out and combating violent extremism: • Foreign fighters who have been recruited in distant countries or regions have generally been well-educated young men, often recruited in groups, and often seeking recognition of their noble purpose rather than remaining anonymous with no purpose. • Many foreign fighters have become disenchanted with their status and try to return home, a challenge that can lead to execution.
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National Consortium for Study of Terrorism; and William Courtney, Rand Corporation. Valery Tishkov, Russian Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology; and Pascal Marty and Sandra Laugier of CNRS, also provided important inputs, with CNRS taking all of the suggestions into account in establishing the workshop agenda.
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