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From page 105... ... IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH 105 References and Notes 1 SAE J3016 is the Society of Automotive Engineers Standard titled – Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On‐Road Motor Vehicles; the standard was revised September 30, 2016. 2 http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/sr/sr253.html 3 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge 4 http://www.its.dot.gov/landing/cv.htm 5 http://www.nhtsa.gov/Research/Crash+Avoidance/Vehicle‐to‐Vehicle+Communications+for+Safety 6 http://www.its.dot.gov/safety_pilot/ 7 http://www.its.dot.gov/pilots/ 8 http://www.path.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/documents/IM_15‐1_low%20%282%29.pdf 9 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_guideway_transit 10 https://www.transit.dot.gov/funding/applying/notices‐funding/mobility‐demand‐mod‐sandbox‐ program 11 Observatory of Automated Metros, http://metroautomation.org/. 12http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Stanford_TRB_Conf_July2013/Transit&SharedMo bility/Lott_TRB_Stanford.pdf 13 Safety analyses of AGT/APM systems identify hazards which describe a condition that could result in an accident, without identifying an accident or potential causes. Distinguishing the hazard from the accident and its causes facilitates hazard analysis and selection of the mitigations designed to eliminate or reduce risk. Examples of hazards are train‐to‐train collision, train‐to‐structure collision, train collision with other object, and person struck by a train. 14 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_guideway_transit 15 https://www.access‐board.gov/guidelines‐and‐standards/transportation/facilities/ada‐standards‐for‐ transportation‐facilities 16 http://www.path.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/publications/PRR‐2009‐12.pdf 17 https://company.here.com/automotive/intelligent‐car/here‐hd‐live‐map/ 18 https://www.eutruckplatooning.com/About/default.aspx 19 http://www.citymobil2.eu/en/ 20 http://arstechnica.com/cars/2016/01/finally‐over‐the‐air‐software‐updates‐for‐your‐car‐are‐ becoming‐a‐reality/ 21 http://www.nhtsa.gov/nhtsa/av/ 22 CAMP – Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership (CAMP) Automated Vehicle Research (AVR) Read the entire page →
From page 106... ... IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH 106 23 James Martin, et al; University of North Carolina, Certification for Autonomous Vehicles https://www.cs.unc.edu/~anderson/teach/comp790a/certification.pdf 24 http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/57000/57000/57076/Review_FMVSS_AV_Scan.pdf 25 https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR‐2016‐08‐11/pdf/2016‐18920.pdf 26 https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/FTA_SMS_Framework.pdf 27 https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR‐2016‐03‐16/pdf/2016‐05489.pdf 28 Text combined from the descriptions found to NHTSA reports, with web links provided in Section 1 above – see page 2 in NHTSA Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems, and pp. 7‐9 in NHTSA Report to Congress: "Electronic Systems Performance in Passenger Motor Vehicles". 29 Table 1 Definition of Safety and Hazard, p. 11; NHTSA Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems; DOT HS 812 285, June 2016 30 http://ascelibrary.org/doi/book/10.1061/9780784412985 31 In Figure 10, PFH = "probable failures per hour" and MTBHE = "mean time between hazardous events" 32 P. 23, Section 3.11 Review, Audit, and Certification; NHTSA Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems; DOT HS 812 285, June 2016 33 P. 9, Section 3.1.1 Process Prescription, Ibid 34 https://www.nhtsa.gov/DOT/NHTSA/NVS/Public%20Meetings/SAE/2015/2015SAE‐Hommes‐ SafetyAnalysisApproaches.pdf 35 https://economics.mit.edu/files/11563 36 https://www.aerotek.com/insights/working‐in‐america‐the‐onset‐and‐impact‐of‐automation 37 http://reason.com/archives/2015/03/07/automation‐may‐be‐labor‐union‐death‐knel 38 http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/tcrp/tcrp_lrd_04.pdf 39 https://www.dol.gov/olms/regs/compliance/statute‐sect5333b.htm 40 Note that NCHRP 20‐102 (09) Providing Support to the Introduction of CV/AV impacts into Regional Transportation Planning and Modeling is currently on‐going and anticipated for completion in 2018. 41 http://orfe.princeton.edu/mwg‐ internal/de5fs23hu73ds/progress? Read the entire page →
From page 107... ... IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH 107 47 https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations‐and‐guidance/fta‐circulars/environmental‐justice‐policy‐ guidance‐federal‐transit 48 https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice/federal‐interagency‐working‐group‐environmental‐ justice‐ej‐iwg 49 https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations‐and‐guidance/civil‐rights‐ada/ada‐regulations 50 https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations‐and‐guidance/fta‐circulars/americans‐disabilities‐act‐ guidance‐pdf 51 http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/57000/57000/57076/Review_FMVSS_AV_Scan.pdf 52 http://www.markey.senate.gov/news/press‐releases/sens‐markey‐blumenthal‐introduce‐legislation‐ to‐protect‐drivers‐from‐auto‐security‐privacy‐risks‐with‐standards‐and‐cyber‐dashboard‐rating‐system 53 https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th‐congress/senate‐bill/1806/all‐info 54 https://www.automotiveisac.com/best‐practices/ 55 NHTSA Federal Automated Vehicle Policy, Sept 2016. http://www.google.com/url? sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0ahUKEwiGxKOxhL3PAhU G6mMKHdENDT8QFggkMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhtsa.gov%2Fnhtsa%2Fav%2Fpdf%2FFederal_ Automated_Vehicles_Policy.pdf&usg=AFQjCNHSgKVEpfw_sEOcV6VFGd7uefwI6A&sig2=m‐ GdAFvdtQlYo8mcuZK11A 56 https://www.nap.edu/download/23520 57 https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR‐2011‐title49‐vol6/xml/CFR‐2011‐title49‐vol6‐part563.xml 58http://www.nhtsa.gov/About+NHTSA/Press+Releases/U.S.+DOT+Proposes+Broader+Use+of+Event+Da ta+Recorders+to+Help+Improve+Vehicle+Safety 59 https://www.huntonprivacyblog.com/wp‐ content/uploads/sites/18/2011/04/DDP2015_United_States.pdf 60 https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/privacy‐final.pdf 61 http://www.trb.org/main/blurbs/175848.aspx 62 Except in certain programs where cards are used for discounted fares such as senior and children and pre‐paid passes. In these cases, the user's ownership information is linked to the card's use at the time of payment for verification that the pass is valid. 63 https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th‐congress/senate‐bill/1806/all‐info 64 https://www.automotiveisac.com/best‐practices/ 65 https://www.osha.gov/Publications/Mach_SafeGuard/chapt6.html Read the entire page →

From page 105...

... IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH 105 References and Notes 1 SAE J3016 is the Society of Automotive Engineers Standard titled – Taxonomy and Definitions for Terms Related to Driving Automation Systems for On‐Road Motor Vehicles; the standard was revised September 30, 2016. 2 http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/sr/sr253.html 3 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DARPA_Grand_Challenge 4 http://www.its.dot.gov/landing/cv.htm 5 http://www.nhtsa.gov/Research/Crash+Avoidance/Vehicle‐to‐Vehicle+Communications+for+Safety 6 http://www.its.dot.gov/safety_pilot/ 7 http://www.its.dot.gov/pilots/ 8 http://www.path.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/documents/IM_15‐1_low%20%282%29.pdf 9 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_guideway_transit 10 https://www.transit.dot.gov/funding/applying/notices‐funding/mobility‐demand‐mod‐sandbox‐ program 11 Observatory of Automated Metros, http://metroautomation.org/. 12http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Stanford_TRB_Conf_July2013/Transit&SharedMo bility/Lott_TRB_Stanford.pdf 13 Safety analyses of AGT/APM systems identify hazards which describe a condition that could result in an accident, without identifying an accident or potential causes. Distinguishing the hazard from the accident and its causes facilitates hazard analysis and selection of the mitigations designed to eliminate or reduce risk. Examples of hazards are train‐to‐train collision, train‐to‐structure collision, train collision with other object, and person struck by a train. 14 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_guideway_transit 15 https://www.access‐board.gov/guidelines‐and‐standards/transportation/facilities/ada‐standards‐for‐ transportation‐facilities 16 http://www.path.berkeley.edu/sites/default/files/publications/PRR‐2009‐12.pdf 17 https://company.here.com/automotive/intelligent‐car/here‐hd‐live‐map/ 18 https://www.eutruckplatooning.com/About/default.aspx 19 http://www.citymobil2.eu/en/ 20 http://arstechnica.com/cars/2016/01/finally‐over‐the‐air‐software‐updates‐for‐your‐car‐are‐ becoming‐a‐reality/ 21 http://www.nhtsa.gov/nhtsa/av/ 22 CAMP – Crash Avoidance Metrics Partnership (CAMP) Automated Vehicle Research (AVR)

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From page 106...

... IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH 106 23 James Martin, et al; University of North Carolina, Certification for Autonomous Vehicles https://www.cs.unc.edu/~anderson/teach/comp790a/certification.pdf 24 http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/57000/57000/57076/Review_FMVSS_AV_Scan.pdf 25 https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR‐2016‐08‐11/pdf/2016‐18920.pdf 26 https://www.transit.dot.gov/sites/fta.dot.gov/files/docs/FTA_SMS_Framework.pdf 27 https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR‐2016‐03‐16/pdf/2016‐05489.pdf 28 Text combined from the descriptions found to NHTSA reports, with web links provided in Section 1 above – see page 2 in NHTSA Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems, and pp. 7‐9 in NHTSA Report to Congress: "Electronic Systems Performance in Passenger Motor Vehicles". 29 Table 1 Definition of Safety and Hazard, p. 11; NHTSA Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems; DOT HS 812 285, June 2016 30 http://ascelibrary.org/doi/book/10.1061/9780784412985 31 In Figure 10, PFH = "probable failures per hour" and MTBHE = "mean time between hazardous events" 32 P. 23, Section 3.11 Review, Audit, and Certification; NHTSA Assessment of Safety Standards for Automotive Electronic Control Systems; DOT HS 812 285, June 2016 33 P. 9, Section 3.1.1 Process Prescription, Ibid 34 https://www.nhtsa.gov/DOT/NHTSA/NVS/Public%20Meetings/SAE/2015/2015SAE‐Hommes‐ SafetyAnalysisApproaches.pdf 35 https://economics.mit.edu/files/11563 36 https://www.aerotek.com/insights/working‐in‐america‐the‐onset‐and‐impact‐of‐automation 37 http://reason.com/archives/2015/03/07/automation‐may‐be‐labor‐union‐death‐knel 38 http://onlinepubs.trb.org/onlinepubs/tcrp/tcrp_lrd_04.pdf 39 https://www.dol.gov/olms/regs/compliance/statute‐sect5333b.htm 40 Note that NCHRP 20‐102 (09) Providing Support to the Introduction of CV/AV impacts into Regional Transportation Planning and Modeling is currently on‐going and anticipated for completion in 2018. 41 http://orfe.princeton.edu/mwg‐ internal/de5fs23hu73ds/progress?

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From page 107...

... IMPLEMENTATION OF RESEARCH 107 47 https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations‐and‐guidance/fta‐circulars/environmental‐justice‐policy‐ guidance‐federal‐transit 48 https://www.epa.gov/environmentaljustice/federal‐interagency‐working‐group‐environmental‐ justice‐ej‐iwg 49 https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations‐and‐guidance/civil‐rights‐ada/ada‐regulations 50 https://www.transit.dot.gov/regulations‐and‐guidance/fta‐circulars/americans‐disabilities‐act‐ guidance‐pdf 51 http://ntl.bts.gov/lib/57000/57000/57076/Review_FMVSS_AV_Scan.pdf 52 http://www.markey.senate.gov/news/press‐releases/sens‐markey‐blumenthal‐introduce‐legislation‐ to‐protect‐drivers‐from‐auto‐security‐privacy‐risks‐with‐standards‐and‐cyber‐dashboard‐rating‐system 53 https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th‐congress/senate‐bill/1806/all‐info 54 https://www.automotiveisac.com/best‐practices/ 55 NHTSA Federal Automated Vehicle Policy, Sept 2016. http://www.google.com/url? sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&ved=0ahUKEwiGxKOxhL3PAhU G6mMKHdENDT8QFggkMAA&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nhtsa.gov%2Fnhtsa%2Fav%2Fpdf%2FFederal_ Automated_Vehicles_Policy.pdf&usg=AFQjCNHSgKVEpfw_sEOcV6VFGd7uefwI6A&sig2=m‐ GdAFvdtQlYo8mcuZK11A 56 https://www.nap.edu/download/23520 57 https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CFR‐2011‐title49‐vol6/xml/CFR‐2011‐title49‐vol6‐part563.xml 58http://www.nhtsa.gov/About+NHTSA/Press+Releases/U.S.+DOT+Proposes+Broader+Use+of+Event+Da ta+Recorders+to+Help+Improve+Vehicle+Safety 59 https://www.huntonprivacyblog.com/wp‐ content/uploads/sites/18/2011/04/DDP2015_United_States.pdf 60 https://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/privacy‐final.pdf 61 http://www.trb.org/main/blurbs/175848.aspx 62 Except in certain programs where cards are used for discounted fares such as senior and children and pre‐paid passes. In these cases, the user's ownership information is linked to the card's use at the time of payment for verification that the pass is valid. 63 https://www.congress.gov/bill/114th‐congress/senate‐bill/1806/all‐info 64 https://www.automotiveisac.com/best‐practices/ 65 https://www.osha.gov/Publications/Mach_SafeGuard/chapt6.html

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