Evolving Law on Airport Implications by Unmanned Aerial Systems (2017) / Chapter Skim
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4commercial and general aircraft are surprised to learn that civil (including commercial) and public drone operators have no obligation to provide airports with notice of their activities in Class G Airspace, for example.
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5Due to the low cost, availability and ease of use, it is obvious why journalists, real estate agents, farmers, insurance companies, wedding photographers, and delivery companies around the world are keen to develop and exploit drones commercially. The potentially limitless civil applications of UAS include: aerial photography and videography; urban planning; public safety; border management; coastal security and maritime patrol; insurance; emergency search and rescue; weather monitoring; pipeline and railroad monitoring; forest fire monitoring; watershed management; earthquake and tsunami damage assessment and relief operations; motor vehicle traffic management; lava flow monitoring; land use surveys; geographical, geological, and archaeological surveys; power line inspection; educational and academic uses; first responder medical support; and critical infrastructure inspection (e.g., bridges)
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6infrastructure and property surveying, and capital project support; wildlife management; aircraft maintenance; passenger services; cargo operations; accident response; and safety management system (SMS) and Part 139 inspections.
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7A. Definitions and Terminology In 2005, the FAA defined the word drone as "[a]
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8their numbers and uses are growing dramatically. In the United States alone, approximately 50 companies, universities, and government organizations are developing and producing some 155 unmanned aircraft designs.18 The FAA's initial estimate of the numbers of uses and users of UAS were modest in retrospect, as the FAA registered more than 616,000 owners and individual drones in 2016 alone.
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9including everything that is onboard or otherwise attached to the aircraft.25 Small Unmanned Aircraft System (Small UAS)
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10 Department of Justice, Department of Homeland Security, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and qualifying universities. That said, public aircraft operations are not exclusively those of the federal government as they may include the fleet of aircraft used only by state and local agencies and governments, including the District of Columbia, or United Sates territories and possessions, and related political subdivisions as determined by the attorney general of the state, for governmental function.30 Moreover, it is possible for the same aircraft to be a public aircraft for one mission and a civil aircraft for a different mission.31 In any case, these terms are defined in Title 49 of the United States Code and Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations, though the FAA has also defined the term public aircraft in its guidance documents, as follows: 32 Public Aircraft.
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11 C Airspace Defined The practical and legal controversy most associated with UAS operations is about where drones fit into the existing NAS and at altitudes below the NAS.
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12 airport operations or passenger enplanements. The configuration of each Class B airspace area is individually tailored, consists of a surface area and two or more layers (some Class B airspace areas resemble upside-down wedding cakes)
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